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1880年代末起
since the late 1880s
视觉艺术家和讲故事的人
visual artists and storytellers
开始使用活动影像来创造精彩的作品
have used moving images to create amazing works
电影给我们启示
movies have inspired us
激励我们 捕捉我们的想象
thrilled us and captured our imaginations
胶片 曾帮助我们分享经验和梦想
film, has helped us to share our experiences and dreams
100年来 光化学胶片曾一直是
photochemical film has been the exclusive format
捕获 冲显 放映和储存动态影像
used to capture, develop, project and store moving images
的唯一格式
for over 100 years
近些年才发展起一种新技术
it is only resently that a new technology had emerged
正挑战着胶片所代表的
that is challenging film"s place
影像质量和工作流程的黄金地位
as the gold standard for quality and workflow
数字技术已经进化到
digital technology is evolving to a point that
可以替代胶片作为最主要的
may very well replace film as the prirary means
创造和分享动态影像的方式
of creating and sharing motion pictures
这部记录作品叫《阴阳相成》
the documentary we"re doing is called
涉及到数字电影的科学 艺术和影响
it"s a documentary about the science, art and impact of digital cinema
一百年的光化学胶片发展
100 years of photochemical filmmaking
目前已经到达了一个临界状态
right now has reached a kind of threshold of tipping point
这场对话 这个时间点
in this conversaton, in this intersection of time
是历史性的
it"s historic
我们似乎已经来到了
we"ve kind of come to this place where
胶片的末日
is it the end of film?
我们今在何方
where are we today?
这很令人兴奋 因为这是重新创造的新媒介
it"s exciting, because it"s a reinvention of a new medium
如果胶片拍摄流程可以承载我们文化中的美德
if the photochemical process has virtues through our culture
另一形式有何不可
why aren"t you another level
关键是你怎么用它讲故事
how do you use it to tell a story
怎么用它去描绘一个场景
how do you use it to paint apicture
您算和胶片一刀两断了吗
are you done with film?
不要故意带我 基努
don"t hold me to it, Keanu
不过
but...
我想是的
I think I am
数字摄影机是电影业的新美学手段
digital cameras are the new aesthetic that coming to cinema
同时我们又哀悼胶片的衰落
and at the same time we are going to mourn the loss of film
我经常被要求阐明
I am constantly asked to justify why
用胶片拍的原因
I want to shoot a film on film
不过我从没听说过谁被要求解释
But I don"t hear anybody being asked to justify
为什么他们要用数字拍
why they want to shoot a film digitally
我希望我所想象的一切都能真实展示
I want whatever I could imagine to be something we can realize
我期待的那个充满可能性的领域
I saw the door opening on a field of possibilities
胶片很难实现
that you just couldn"t do with film.
如今比较悲哀的是
It"s really sad right now
看到劣等的数字影像
to see cameras recording imagery in an inferior way
开始取代胶片
starting to take over film
胶片拍摄
我才不要把油画换成蜡笔画(画面质感)
I"m not gonna trade my oil paints for a set of crayons
数字拍摄
会有人贬低数字技术
there will be people who will cheapen digital
也有人不仅想杀掉
there will be people who will not only kill
这只生金蛋的鹅
the goose that laid the golden egg
还要先奸后杀
they"ll sodomize it first
如果数字技术的目的是要取代胶片
if the intention is that digital is gonna replace film
但又不能真正的跟胶片一样好 我会很难过
I would be sad if it didn"t acturally exactly replicate it
他们努力使数字影像看上去像胶片
they process digital now to make it look like film
仿佛胶片本身就更好一样
as if film is inherently better
我们喜欢这种更好的感觉
just we like the way it looks better,
(胶片看上去更好)这未免有点专断
which seems kind of arbitrary.
我们只是习惯了(胶片)而已
it"s just what we"re used to.
胶片是19世纪的发明
film is a 19th century invention
我们已经到达了光化学摄影的顶峰
we are at the top of photochemical process
很难再有进步
this is about as far as it"s ever gonna go
数字技术发展至今
digital is here now
还有很长的路要走
but it"s gonna keep going
你会是数字发展的一部分
and you"re gonna be a part of that
参与者将决定数字技术的未来
who"s be gonna be a part of that, dictating where that goes
我不觉得胶片会怎样
I don"t think film"s going anywhere
我不觉得完全摒弃胶片的人有什么优势
I don"t think it"s to the advantage of anybody to totally eliminate film
会有很多人加入我们 为胶片而战
there gonna be many of us, they are gonna fight for film
为在感光剂上摄影的经验而战
they are gonna fight for the experience of shooting on emulsion
我们处于某种变革的迷雾中
we really are in the mist of some sort of revolution
这种变革威胁着现状
that threatens the status quo
所以这既是可怕的又是自由的
this is potentially either scary thing or very liberating thing
阴阳相成
电影制作第一步
one of the first steps in the production process
用摄影机捕获影像
is capturing the images in camera
导演 演员 摄影师和全体制作组
the director, actors, cinematographer and the entire production team
共同努力把剧本变活
work together to bring the script to life
摄影师 也叫摄影指导或DP
the cinematographer, also called the director of photography or DP
帮助导演达成电影的影像效果
helps the director achieve the look of the movie
DP的职责在于决定摄影装备
the DP is responsible for knowing what equipment is needed
以及了解其摄影原理
and how it works in order to capture the scenes
摄影指导要注意颜色和构图
a director of photography looks at color and composition
大卫·芬奇 导演
(社交网络/搏击会/七宗罪)
以及角度和其它构成电影的元素
and angles and all those things in terms of how the movie is being built
光照到皮肤的效果 光穿过头发的效果
the quality of light of skin, the quality of light through hair,
光透过窗户再从地板反射的效果
the quality of light through the window and bouncing off the floor
这些都要等同真实世界的构造
they"re equating the building of this world
根据能量
in terms of energy
反射在物体上的效果
that reflects off of objects
问题是
the question is about
取景 情感 怎么去让人感受
framing, sensibility, how to make people feel
迈克尔·查普曼 摄影师
(出租车司机/愤怒的公牛/粗野少年)
把情绪付诸光线
bringing emotion into the light
基于要恰当的处理光线
comes from being appropriate and somehow being
不过最棒的是要高于"恰当"
the really great ones are more than appropriate
真正让人惊奇的是
they really startle you with how wonderfully
这些影像能够唤起的那种美妙的感觉
evocative this look is of whatever they"re doing
出租车司机 1976
这种专业技术水平上
that level of craftsmanship or that technical expertise
约翰·马西森 摄影师
(角斗士/浪人47/X战警:第一战)
你没法解释自己要做什么
You can"t explain what you"re gonna do
所以他们(导演)
so there is a certain amount of leap of faith
必须信任你
that they have to have in you
现代启示录 1979
维托里奥·斯托拉罗 摄影师
(现代启示录/末代皇帝/小活佛)
作为摄影师
to be a cinematographer
要有艺术方面的知识
is to have the knowledge of the art
毫无疑问
without any doubt,
电影是艺术和技术的结合体
cinema today is a mixing of art and technology
大卫·斯坦普 视觉特效
(X战警/X战警2/火星人玩转地球)
如今在这个领域
today, in this area,
还要懂点技术才行
you also have to be a bit of a technician
你得懂设备
You have to know the equipment
对DP来说
It"s really important for DP to
明白成像流程的所有环节非常重要
understand the entire link of the image chain
从获取到呈现
from acquisition to exhibition
摄影机是测量光子并使其聚焦
the camera is a tool that focuses and measures
并以图片形式将其记录的工具
Photons of light and record them in images
通过胶片摄影机
With a film camera
光透过镜头
Light enter through the lens and
并照射到电影胶片上
hits the frame of film behind the lens
胶片表面覆有
the film is covered emulsion that
含卤化银晶体颗粒的乳剂
contains grains of silver halide crystals
这些晶体在光照下会发生化学反应
these crystals react chemically when light hits them
显影时晶体
and the crystal change to silver metal
会转化为金属银
when they are developed
这样拍摄的影像就在胶片上形成了
a photographic image is formed on the film
瑞德·穆拉诺 摄影师
(冰冻之河/小小鸟/为了艾伦)
对于胶片的
there is something about the
质感和颗粒感
texture of the grain structure of film
我个人不会放弃
that I"ve...personally I hold onto
这对我来说像是一种安慰
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