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适合MTI翻硕文学翻译和专八翻译备考学习
今天“高斋翻硕”给大家分享张培基译《匆匆》节选的单词解析。
原文
在逃去如飞的日子里，在千门万户的世界里的我能做些什么呢？只有徘徊罢了，只有匆匆罢了；在八千多日的匆匆里，除徘徊外，又剩些什么呢？过去的日子如轻烟，被微风吹散了，如薄雾，被初阳蒸融了；我留着些什么痕迹呢？我何曾留着像游丝样的痕迹呢？我赤裸裸来到这世界，转眼间也将赤裸裸的回去罢？但不能平的，为什么偏要白白走这一遭啊？
张培基译文
Living in this world with its fleeting days and teeming millions, what can I do but waver and wander and live a transient life?
What have I been doing during the 8000 fleeting days except wavering and wandering? The bygone days, like wisps of smoke, have been dispersed by gentle winds, and, like thin mists, have been evaporated by the rising sun.
What traces have I left behind? No, nothing, not even gossamer-like traces. I have come to this world stark naked, and in the twinkling of an eye, I am to go back as stark naked as ever. However, I am taking it very much to heart: why should I be made to pass through this world for nothing at all?
单词解析
第一、二句：在逃去如飞的日子里，在千门万户的世界里的我能做些什么呢？只有徘徊罢了，只有匆匆罢了；在八千多日的匆匆里，除徘徊外，又剩些什么呢？
Living in this world with its fleeting days and teeming millions, what can I do but waver and wander and live a transient life? What have I been doing during the 8000 fleeting days except wavering and wandering?
1. Fleeting [flit] 短暂的；闪现的；飞逝的，如汉英大词典例句：
The world is like a fleeting show.
人世如白驹过隙。
2. Teeming [tim] 大量的；充满（移动着的人、动物等）的；拥挤的，如经济学人例句：
The first part of his book is a familiar tale of teeming cities, roaring trade, harder-to-get-at oil and rising sea levels.
本书第一部分描述的大家都比较熟悉——城市日益拥挤，贸易往来频繁，油价飞涨，海平面上升。
3. Waver [wevr] 踌躇；犹豫不决；动摇；减弱；颤抖；摇曳，如牛津词典例句：
She"s wavering between buying a house in the city or moving away.
她举棋不定，不知是在这个城市里买所房子，还是迁居他处。
4. Wander [wɑndr] 漫游；闲逛；徘徊；流浪；偏离（正道）；走失；走神，如柯林斯词典例句：
You can"t simply wander around squatting on other people"s property.
你不能这样到处乱窜，擅自占用别人的地产。
5. Transient [trnnt] 短暂的；转瞬即逝的；倏忽；暂住的；过往的；临时的，如经济学人例句：
Over the next 200 years scientists tried, without much success, to understand exactly how these transient sunspots might affect the climate.
此后的200多年间，科学家们试图确切掌握这些稍纵即逝的太阳黑子究竟怎样影响地球的气候，但是收效甚微。
第三句：过去的日子如轻烟，被微风吹散了，如薄雾，被初阳蒸融了；我留着些什么痕迹呢？
The bygone days, like wisps of smoke, have been dispersed by gentle winds, and, like thin mists, have been evaporated by the rising sun. What traces have I left behind?
1. Bygone [baɡn] 以往的；很久以前的，如柯林斯词典例句：
The book recalls other memories of a bygone age.
这本书追忆了一个久远时代的别样记忆。
2. Wisp [wsp] （烟、云等的）一缕；（头发、草等的）小缕，小绺，小把，wisps of/a wisp of表示多缕/一缕，多把/一把……。如柯林斯词典例句：
A thin wisp of smoke straggled up through the trees.
一缕轻烟在林间袅袅升起。
3. Disperse [dsprs] （使）分散，散开；疏散；驱散；散布，文中dispersed是其过去分词形式。如华尔街日报例句：
After the shooting Wednesday afternoon, protesters dispersed from the area around the blockade.
周三下午射击事件发生后，示威者从封锁地区周围散去。
4. Evaporate [vpret] （使）蒸发，挥发；（逐渐）消失，消散，文中evaporated是其过去分词形式。如牛津词典例句：
The sun is constantly evaporating the earth"s moisture.
太阳使地球上的湿气不断蒸发。
5. Trace [tres] 痕迹；踪迹；遗迹；微量；描记图；轨迹，文中traces是其复数形式。如柯林斯词典例句：
The aircraft vanished without trace.
飞机消失得无影无踪。
6. Leave behind 留下；余留；把……抛在后面；永久离开；抛下；超过，文中left behind是其过去式。如柯林斯词典例句：
A misty rain in the morning had left behind a coolness that would stay for hours.
早上，蒙蒙细雨带来一股清凉之意，数小时不散。
第四、五句：我何曾留着像游丝样的痕迹呢？我赤裸裸来到这世界，转眼间也将赤裸裸的回去罢？
No, nothing, not even gossamer-like traces. I have come to this world stark naked, and in the twinkling of an eye, I am to go back as stark naked as ever.
1. Gossamer [ɡɑsmr] 蛛丝；游丝；薄纱；精细织物。
2. Stark [stɑrk] 作形容词时，表示“了无修饰的；荒凉的；粗陋的；严酷的；赤裸裸的；（指区别）明显的，鲜明的”，作副词时表示“完全地”，stark naked 一丝不挂；赤裸。
3. Twinkling [twkl] 瞬间；转眼；一眨眼；一刹那。In the twinkling of an eye为固定表达，“瞬息之间；转眼之间”，如汉英大词典例句：
That"s fantastic. He"s vanished in the twinkling of an eye.
他怎么一转眼就不见了，真见鬼。
第六句：但不能平的，为什么偏要白白走这一遭啊？
However, I am taking it very much to heart: why should I be made to pass through this world for nothing at all?
1. Take... to heart 对……耿耿于怀；为……感到不快；非常关心，把……记在心上，如汉英大词典例句：
I just made a joke without thinking. Please don"t take it to heart.
刚才我随口说了句开玩笑的话，你千万别介意。
2. Pass through 穿过；经历；经验；遭受，如金融时报例句：
I feel so privileged to have had such a work pass through my hands.
我觉得，能够经手这样一幅作品，是一种莫大荣耀。
今天就分享到这里啦！
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