1.Sheisreadingabook.-Thissentenceisinthepresentcontinuoustense.Itdescribesanactionthatiscurrentlyinprogress.
2.Hewillhavefinishedhisworkbytomorrow.-Thissentenceisinthefutureperfecttense.Itdescribesanactionthatwillbecompletedbyaspecificpointinthefuture.
3.Theyhadbeenwaitingforhourswhenthetrainfinallyarrived.-Thissentenceisinthepastperfectcontinuoustense.Itdescribesanactionthathadstartedinthepastandcontinueduptoanotherpointinthepast.
4.Ifitrains,wewillstayinside.-Thissentenceusestheconditionalform.Itdescribeswhatwillhappenifacertainconditionismet.
5.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.-Thissentenceisasimplepresenttensestatementaboutafact.
6.Thedog,whichwashungry,atetheentiresandwich.-Thissentencecontainsarelativeclausethataddsmoreinformationaboutthesubject"thedog".
7.Despitefeelingtired,shedecidedtogototheparty.-Thissentencecontainsasubordinatingconjunctionthatjoinstwoclauses.Itdescribeshowthesubject"she"madeadecisiondespiteherfeelings.
8.Runningamarathonisagreatachievement.-Thissentencecontainsagerund,whichisaverbthatactsasanoun.
9.TheteacheraskedthestudentstohandintheirassignmentsbyFriday.-Thissentencecontainsaninfinitive,whichisthebaseformofaverbprecededby"to".Itdescribestheactionthatthesubjects(students)wereaskedtodo.