一点即透的英语五大句式
英语的各种句式，语法太繁杂，我们今天就把复杂的问题来简单化，找出其基础和精髓的东西，先吃透，进而再深耕。这样目的明确，更能激发学习意愿，增强学习动力。今天就以简单的学习方式先了解英语的五大句式
一. 现代简单式
动词形式：be动词：am / are / is
一般动词：主词为第三人称单数，一般动词加s。
时间副词：now (现在)、every+时间(每天……)
使用时机
1. 表示现在的状态或动作
There are many visitors in the zoo. (动物园里有许多游客。)
Here comes the bus. (公交车来了。)
2. 表示现在习惯性的动作
David often sleeps during class. (David常在上课时睡觉。)
My parents take exercise in the park every morning. (我父母每天早上在公园做运动。)
3. 表示不变的事实、真理
The earth moves around the sun.(地球绕着太阳转。)
二.过去简单式
动词形式：be动词：was /were
一般动词：过去式动词，分为规则变化及不规则变化。
时间副词：yesterday昨天
yesterday morning (afternoon, evening) 昨天早上(下午、晚上)
the day before yesterday前天
last+时间(上…)
last week上星期
last night昨天晚上
last year去年
时间+ago (…前)
two hours ago (二小时前)
five days ago (五天前)
before以前
then(=at that time)那时
使用时机
1. 表示过去的动作或状态
I bought this yesterday. (我昨天买了这个。)
There was an old temple over there. (那里以前有座古庙。)
2.表示过去习惯性的动作
My father used to smoke, but now he doesn"t. (我父亲以前常吸烟，但现在不抽了。)
三.现在进行式
动词形式：be动词(am, are, is)+V-ing
V-ing的形成
原形动词+ing→大部分动词
talk→talking
say→saying
speak→speaking
原形动词字尾有e→去e + ing
have→having write→writing come→coming
原形动词为子音+短母音+子音→重复字尾+ing
put→putting cut→cutting swim→swimming
We are eating breakfast. (我们现在正在吃早餐。)
1. We ate breakfast before going to school. (我们上学前已经吃过早餐。)
2. We eat breakfast every morning. (我们每天早上吃早餐。)
使用时机
1.表示现在正在进行的动作。
John is watching the baseball game on television. (John正在看电视上的棒球赛。)
2.表不重复发生的动作。常伴随着always, all the time, again and again等副词或副词词组。
He is always complaining. (他老是抱怨。)
The car is breaking down all the time. (这辆车老是故障。)
3.表示最近的未来即将发生的动作。此用法常用于某些动词, 如：come, go, start, leave, arrive等。
I"m leaving for Kenting tomorrow. (我明天前往垦丁。)
My boyfriend is coming to see me this afternoon. (我男朋友今天下午即将来看我。)
注意：某些动词不可用于进行式中。
表"感官"的动词→see, hear, smell等。
表"情感"的动词→love，like等。
其它→have, know等
I"m seeing the bird in the tree. ( × )
I"m looking at the bird in the tree. (√) (我正在看树上的那只鸟。)
四.过去进行式
动词的形式：was(were)+V-ing
He was playing frisbee in the park then. (那时他正在公园玩飞盘。)
使用时机
1.表示过去某一时点正在进行的动作。
We were playing chess at eight yesterday evening. (昨晚8点我们正在下棋。)
Lily was talking a bath when the doorbell rang. (门铃响时Lily正在洗澡。)
2.表示过去时间某一期限中，反复性的动作。
Whenever I visited him, he was watching TV. (无论何时我去看他，他都在看电视。)
In those days, we were getting up at six o"clock. (在那些日子，我们都六点起床。)
五.末来式
未来式用来表示发生于未来的动作或状态，常用be going to或will。
be going to+原形动词
be going to的涵义
be gomg to在用于表现未来时，常表示用于实现性非常高的事或事先计划好的行为。
时间副词
tomorrow明天
tomorrow morning (afternoon, evening )明天早上(下午、晚上)
the day after tomorrow后天
next+时间(下…)
next week (下星期) next year (明年)
in+时间 在…(时间)后
in a few days在几天后 in a week在一周之后
I"m going to visit my uncle tomorrow. (明天我要去探望我叔叔。)
I have to buy the ladder because I"m going to paint the house.
(我必须买个楼梯，因为我打算油漆房子。)
I don"t feel good; I"m afraid I"m going to be sick. (我觉得不舒服；恐怕我要生病了。)
Are they going to have a party on Cristmas Eve? (圣诞前夕他们打算开派对吗？)
will(将要)+原形动词
will+原形动词
will为表示未来的助动词，且不分人称，其后须接原形动词。
l. We will leave junior high school soon. (不久我们将自国中毕业。)
=We are going to leave junior high school soon.
=We are leaving junior high school soon.
2. I will be fifteen years old next year. (明年我就15岁了。)
年龄不须事先计划，所以不可用be going to。
3. A: I can"t move the large box. (我搬不动这大箱子。)
B: I’ll do it for you. (我来帮你。)
很明显地，这并不是事先计划好的行为，所以不可用be going to。
4. I will not change my mind. (我将不改变主意。)
= I"ll not change my mind.
= I won"t change my mind.
5. Will people live on Mars in the future? (人类未来会在火星上生存吗？)
Will you…?
Will you…另外可表示请求或邀约。
表请求→Will you…?
回答：Sure. / Ok. / All right.
No, I can"t. / I"m sorry. I can"t.
表邀约→Will you…?
回答：Yes, thank you. / Yes, please.
No, thank you.
例：1. Will you look after the baby for me? (请你替我照顾这宝宝好吗？)
→Sure. (没问题。)
→I"m sorry, but I can"t. (抱歉，我不能。)
2. Will you have another cup of coffee? (你要再来杯咖啡吗？)
→Yes, please. (请再给我一杯。)
→No, thank you. (不，谢谢。)
