太实用了如何通过重读改变句意

时间：2023-05-16

My name is Emma and in todays video I am going to teach you how to become a better listener, and Im going to do that

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Hello.

大家好。

My name is Emma and in today"s video I am going to teach you how to become a better listener, and I"m going to do that by teaching you about something called " Sentence Stress" .

我是Emma，在今天的视频中我将要教给大家如何更好地做一个听众，我会通过讲解"句子重读"来教会你们。

Okay?

好吗？

So I want you to think about the times you"ve listened to English, maybe in a movie, maybe you saw a movie, or maybe a TV show - was there ever a time where you didn"t understand something?

那么，请大家回忆一下你们听英语的时候，也许是在电影中，也许是在你看电影的时候，也许是在电视节目中——你有过听不懂的时候吗？

Maybe everybody laughed, maybe somebody suddenly got angry and you felt like you missed some of the meaning to why something happened.

也许其他人都被逗笑了，也许有些人突然生气，这时你会感觉错过了什么。

It might be because you"re not listening enough to sentence stress.

也许是因为你没足够注意到句子重读。

So, what is sentence stress?

那么，什么是句子重读？

Well, let me show you.

让我来告诉你。

When we talk about stress in language, we"re talking about making something louder and longer.

当人们说起语言中的重读时，是指在发某个音时声音更大、时间更长。

Okay?

对吗？

So, for example, if I say the number " thirteen" versus " thirteen" , even though they sound similar, they"re different because I"ve put a different stress or a different emphasis on each part of the word.

那么，比如，如果我读"thirteen"和"thirteen"两个单词，尽管它们听起来相似，它们其实是不同的，因为我在读这两个单词时的重读位置不同。

So this is in part a pronunciation lesson, but also really about listening and how to listen better.

这是发音课的一部分，但是这也关于听力的技能，如何更好地听懂英语。

So I have here a sentence: " I love studying English" .

这里有一个例子："我爱学习英语。"

Now, it seems like a pretty straightforward sentence, but I can actually change the meaning of this sentence using sentence stress.

那么，它听起来像是一个简单直白的句子，但是我可以通过改变句子重读来改变句子的意义。

Okay?

好吗？

So, by saying different parts of the sentence louder and longer I can actually change the meaning.

那么，通过提高句子中不同部分的音量和时长，我可以改变句子的意义。

So I"m going to give you an example.

我举一个例子。

" I love studying English" .

"【我】爱学习英语。"

What part did I say louder and longer?

我刚才发哪个单词的声音更大、时间更长？

If you said: " I" , you"re correct, s. so I"m going to put a mark here to show sentence strees.

如果是"我"，那你说对了，那么我在这里做一个标记，用来标注句子重读。

" I love studying English" .

"【我】爱学习英语。"

If you heard somebody say this it means that I love studying English, but my friend doesn"t.

如果你听到别人这样说，那么意思就是"我喜欢学英语，但是我的朋友不喜欢。

Or I love studying English, but other people hate studying English.

或者是"我喜欢学英语，但是别人讨厌学英语。

So I"m really emphasizing that I am, you know, maybe one of the only people.

所以我着重强调了"我是"，因为我是唯一一个人。

Okay?

对吗？

So, I love studying English.

那么，【我】喜欢学英语。

Now, this is a bit of a different meaning than if we move the stress- so I"ll just erase that-to the word " love" .

那么，如果我把刚才的重读去掉，这又不一样了，然后把它移到"爱"上面。

Okay?

好吗？

So I want you to listen to how I say this: " I love studying English" .

那么现在大家来听一下我怎么说这句话："我【爱】学习英语。"

So in this case " love" is the part I"m saying louder and longer.

在这个例子中，我在发"love"这个单词音时声音更大、时间更长。

Okay?

对吗？

And now it has a different meaning.

那么现在，这个句子就有了一个不同的意义。

Even though it"s the same sentence, just by saying a different part louder and longer I"ve changed the meaning.

尽管是同一个句子，我仅仅通过使另一部分的声音更大、时间更长，就改变了它的含义。

So: " I love studying English" . What does that mean?

那么"I love studying English"。这句话现在的意义是什么呢？

If I"m focused on the word " love" it means I really want to emphasize that I don"t just like English, I love English.

如果我重读"love"这个单词，它的意思就是我想强调我不仅仅只是热爱英语，而且是深爱英语。

English is my passion.

英语是我的激情所在。

I love it.

我爱它。

I really, really, really like it a lot.

我真的、真的、真的非常喜爱它。

Okay?

对吗？

Now, if we take the stress here and we move it to " studying" :

那么，如果我们把重读移到"study"上面：

" I love studying English" .

"我爱【学习】英语。"

Okay?

好吗？

So now you hear " studying" is louder and longer.

那么现在你听到的"studying"声音更大、时间更长，

Again, now we have a different meaning from when I said: " I love studying English" , " I love studying English" , " I love studying English" ,

现在这句话和此前我说的"【我】爱学习英语"，"我【爱】学习英语"，"我爱【学习】英语"，又有了不同的意思，

Each of these means a different thing.

每个都表示不同的含义。

" I love studying English" means I only love studying English.

"我爱【学习】英语"的意思是我只喜欢学习英语。

I"m emphasizing maybe I don"t like using English, maybe I don"t like, you know, English in conversation.

我这样强调，也许是表示我不喜欢使用英语，也许是因为我不喜欢，比如，英语对话。

Maybe I only like reading my book about English, but I don"t actually like using it.

也许我只喜欢读有关英语的书，但我并不喜欢使用它。

Okay?

好吗？

Now, if we change the stress to " English" and now " English" is going to be louder and longer. . .

那么，如果我们把重读移到"English"上，那么"English"的发音更大、时间更长。。。。。。

Okay?

对吗？

So, for example: " I love studying English" ,

那么，举个例子："我爱学习【英语】。"

" English" is louder and longer,

单词"English"的声音更大、时间更长。。。。。。

Now this has a new meaning, a fourth meaning.

这就又有了新的意义，第四个意义。

" I love studying English" means only English.

"我爱学习【英语】"的意思是我只喜欢英语。

Maybe I hate all other languages.

我有可能讨厌其他所有的语言。

I don"t like studying French, I don"t like studying Portuguese, I don"t like studying Arabic.

我不喜欢法语、葡萄牙语和阿拉伯语。

I only like studying English.

我只喜欢学英语。

Okay?

好吗？

So, as you can see, the way we pronounce these sentences adds meaning to them.

所以，正如你所看到的，句子中单词重音位置不同，这些句子意思也不同。

It"s not just the words that have meaning, it"s also the way we use our voice, our intonation.

不仅仅是单词本身具有意义，我们的声音和语调也包含了意义。

Okay, so we"re going to do some practice listening.

好的，那么我们来做一些听力练习。

I"m going to say a sentence and you"re going to first listen to:

我先说一句话，你们听一听：

What part of the sentence has the stress?

我重读了句子的哪一部分？

What part of the stress is louder and longer?

哪部分的声音更大、时间更长？

Okay?

好吗？

So let"s do that with the next sentence first.

那我们先来第一句。

Okay?

好吗？

" I like your painting. I like your painting" .

"我喜欢【你的】画。我喜欢【你的】画。"

What part was the loud part?

哪一部分声音更大？

What part was the long part?

哪一部分时间更长？

" I like your painting" .

"我喜欢【你的】画。"

If you said: " your" , you are correct.

如果你说是"your"那么你对了。

This part has the stress.

这一部分重读了。

Now, I have three different meanings that this sentence could mean.

现在，这句话可能有三种不同的含义。

It could mean it"s an okay painting.

这可能指它是一幅好画。

Okay?

对吗？

It could mean my friends don"t like the painting, or it could also mean I only like your painting, but not the other people"s paintings.

这可能指我的朋友们不喜欢这幅画，也可能指我只喜欢你的画，而不是其他人的画作。

Okay?

对吗？

So I want you to listen one more time and tell me which of these best represent this sentence with the stress.

所以我希望你再听一次，然后告诉我哪一个最能用重读来代表这句话。

" I like your painting" . Okay?

"我喜欢【你的】画。"对吗？

So does that mean it"s an okay painting?

那么这是说它是一幅好画吗？

No.

不。

Does that mean my friends don"t like it?

这是指我的朋友不喜欢它吗？

Not really.

不是。

Does it mean I only like your painting, but not other paintings?

这是指着我只喜欢你的画，而不是其他画吗？

Yes.

是。

So, in this case this is the meaning of the sentence.

所以，在这种情况下，这就是句子的意义。

I like your painting, but I don"t like his painting.

我喜欢你的画，但我不喜欢他的画。

His painting"s awful.

他的画很难看。

Your painting is the good painting.

你的画是好画。

Okay?

好吗？

So let"s try again. I"m going to now take away the stress and I"m going to say the sentence again but with the stress somewhere else.

让我们再试一次。我现在要去掉重读，我会再说这句话，但重读别的地方。

Okay?

好吗？

So listen to where I put the stress carefully.

所以请仔细听我重读的地方。

" I like your painting. I like your painting" .

"【我】喜欢你的画。【我】喜欢你的画。"

So what part is louder and longer?

哪一部分声音更大时间更长？

If you said: " I" , you are correct.

如果你说是"I"那么你对了。

Okay?

对吗？

So what do you think this means?

那么你认为这句话的意思是什么？

Do you think it means: " I like your painting" means it"s an okay painting?

你认为【我】喜欢你的画是指这是一幅好画吗？

Or: " I like your painting" means my friends don"t like your painting, but I do?

或者：【我】喜欢你的画。指我的朋友不喜欢你的画，但是我喜欢？

Okay?

对吗？

So I"m emphasizing " I" .

所以我强调"我"。

Which one do you think it means?

你认为哪个意义是对的？

If you said B, you"re correct.

如果你说B，那么你对了。

If I"m focusing on " I" , it means that other people don"t like it, but I do, and I"m highlighting the fact other people don"t.

如果我重读了"I"，这意味着其他人不喜欢它，但是我喜欢，并且我强调别人不喜欢。

Okay?

对吗？

So, if we put the stress here it means this.

那么，如果我们重读这一部分，它的意义就是这样。

Okay.

好的。

So finally we"re going to do the third possible meaning, and I"ll take away the stress here.

最后，我们来看一下第三个可能的含义，我在这里去掉重读。

" I like your painting. I like your painting" .

"我【喜欢】你的画。我【喜欢】你的画。"

So what part of the sentence is stressed?

这个句子的哪部分重读了？

If you said: " like" you"re correct.

如果你说是"like"那么你对了。

Okay?

对吗？

So this means that I"m not really saying I love your painting.

所以它的意思是我并不只是说我特别爱你的画。

I"m really stressing I like it.

我只是在强调我喜欢它。

It means it"s an okay painting, but I don"t love it.

意思是它是一幅好画，但我不爱它。

Okay?

对吗？

I don"t hate it, I don"t love it.

我不恨它，也不爱它。

It"s an okay painting.

这是一幅中规中矩的画。

I like your painting, but I don"t love it.

我喜欢你的画，但我不热爱它。

Okay?

对吗？

So here"s an example of where stress changes the meaning of the sentence.

这里有一个重读改变句子含义的例子。

Just putting stress on different words has a huge impact on the sentence, and this is something a lot of language learners miss when they"re listening.

重读不同的单词就会对句子的意义产生巨大的影响，这是很多语言学习者在听的时候经常忽略的。

So let"s do another couple more practices of this just so you can really see how important the pronunciation and stress is to meaning.

那么让我们再做几个练习，这样你才能真正看出发音和重读对意义的重要性。

Okay, so before we begin the next example,

好的，所以在我们开始下一个例子之前，

I want to tell you that I know this is difficult.

我想说我知道这很难。

Okay?

对吗？

So if you"re just, like: " I don"t know what"s going on.

所以，如果你只是，觉得"我不知道怎么办。

I can"t understand the differences" , it"s okay because this does take time.

我无法理解这些差异"，这没关系，因为这确实需要时间。

Okay?

好吗？

We"re practicing, and the more you practice the easier it will be, but just try your best and just remember that stress changes the meaning.

我们正在练习，练习越多就越容易，你只需要尽力而为，记住重读会改变句子的意义。

Okay?

好吗？

And just, you know, you can think logically about it, but try your best.

而且，你可以从逻辑方面考虑它，但要尽力而为。

It is difficult for people who are learning a language.

这对于正在学习语言的人很难。

Okay, so let"s look at the next example.

好的，让我们来看下一个例子。

" She had a lot of money" .

"她以前很有钱。"

Okay?

对吗？

" She had a lot of money" .

"她以前很有钱。"

I"m going to first say the sentence again, but this time I"m going to put some emphasis or some stress on part of the sentence.

我要先再说一遍这个句子，但这次我要重读句子的一部分。

I want you to decide: Which word do I say louder and longer?

我想让你决定：哪个单词声音更大时间更长？

Okay?

好吗？

Which word do I put the stress on?

我重读了哪个单词？

Okay?

好吗？

" She had a lot of money. She had a lot of money" .

她以前很有【钱】。"

So what word is louder and longer?

哪个单词声音更大时间更长？

If you said: " money" , you are correct.

如果你说："money"，那么你对了。

This is the word where we have the stress.

这就是我重读的词。

Okay?

对吗？

I"m saying " money" louder.

我在读"money"时声音更大。

So if I stress " money" : " She had a lot of money" ,

那么如果我重读"money"："她以前很有【钱】。"

what does this mean?

这是什么意思呢？

Do you think it means she doesn"t have much money now?

意思是她现在没有多少钱吗？

Is that what we"re focused on?

这是我们关注的重点吗？

Do you think it means she was very rich,

或者她曾经很有钱，

and that"s what we"re focused on?

这是我们关注的重点吗？

Or do you think it means although she had money, she didn"t have other important things?

或者是说虽然她很有钱，但是她没有其他重要的东西？

Maybe she didn"t have love.

比如爱。

She has lots of money, but not other things.

她有很多钱，但是却没有别的东西。

Which is the best meaning based on the intonation?

根据重读，你认为哪个意思最正确呢？

I"ll say it one more time: " She had a lot of money" .

我再读一遍："她以前很有【钱】。"

Okay? So the meaning that is there based on the intonation in the stress is going to be this one, C.

对吗？所以根据重读，这句话的意思就是这个，C。

So, although she had money, she didn"t have a lot of other important things.

所以，虽然她有钱，但她没有其他重要的东西。

Okay?

对吗？

So maybe she has money, but she doesn"t have love.

所以也许她有钱，但她没有爱。

Maybe she doesn"t have friends.

也许她没有朋友。

Maybe she doesn"t have family.

也许她没有家人。

All she has is money.

她只有钱。

Okay?

对吗？

And we know this because the stress is on the word " money" .

我们知道这一点，因为重读在于"money"这个词上。

Okay, so let"s try this again.

好的，让我们再试一次。

I"m going to erase this.

我要去掉这个重读。

Okay, perfect.

完美。

So, again, listen for the stress.

那么再听一下重读。

What part do I say louder and longer?

哪个单词声音更大时间更长？

Okay?

好吗？

" She had a lot of money. She had a lot of money" .

"她以前【很】有钱。她以前【很】有钱。"

Okay, this time I"m not going to use my hands.

这次我不再使用我的手。

" She had a lot of money" .

"她以前【很】有钱。"

Okay, so which word do you think I stressed?

好的，我重读了哪个单词？

If you said: " a lot" , you are correct.

如果你说："a lot"，那么你对了。

Okay?

对吗？

This is the important word in this sentence, this is the part that"s louder and longer and that I"m stressing.

这是这个句子中最重要的单词，这就是我重读的单词，它的声音更大时间更长。

So what do you think it means if I stress this word?

那么，如果我重读这个词，你认为这意味着什么？

Does it mean she doesn"t have much money now, or does it mean she was very rich?

是指她现在没有多少钱，还是指她曾经很富有？

And we"re really focused on. . .

我们真正关注的是。。。。。。

We"re answering the question of: How rich?

她有多富？

Which one do you think it is?

你觉得是哪一个？

Well, because we"re focused on the word " a lot" , we"re really trying to highlight the fact that she was very rich.

因为我们专注于"a lot"这个词，我们在突出她非常富有。

It"s almost like we"re answering the question: -" How rich" ? -" Very rich" .

就像我们回答问题： - "有多富？" -"非常富有。"

Okay?

对吗？

She had a lot of money.

她有很多钱。

Not a little, not some.

不是一点点，不是一些。

She had a lot.

而是很多。

Okay, so now let"s try for the third one.

现在让我们试一试第三种。

Okay?

好吗？

So, the next one is she doesn"t have much money now.

下一个是表示她现在没有多少钱。

If I want to say this, where do you think I should stress?

如果我想这样说，你认为我应该重读哪一部分？

She doesn"t have much money now.

她现在没有多少钱。

Where I would stress if I want this meaning, I would stress the word " had" .

如果我想表达这个意思，我会强调，"had"这个词。

Okay?

对吗？

So,

那么，

I want you to repeat after me following this stress:

请大家跟着我的重音读这个句子：

" She had a lot of money. She had a lot of money" .

"她【以前】很有钱。她【以前】很有钱。"

So, if I focus on the word " had" . . . . .

所以，如果我重读"had"这个词。。。

And this is probably the most important part of this lesson because this is a very common thing we stress.

这可能是本课最重要的部分，因为我们经常重读这个词。

If we stress the word " had" in a sentence it means that it"s no longer true.

如果我们在一个句子中重读"had"这个词，意思就是现在已经不存在了。

Okay?

对吗？

So, in the past she had a lot of money, but now she doesn"t have much.

所以，过去她有很多钱，但现在她没有多少钱。

She has no money.

她没有钱。

Okay?

对吗？

So, stressing " had" means that what was true is not true anymore.

因此，重读"had"意味着这不再是真的。

Okay?

对吗？

I"ll give you another example.

我再举一个例子。

" I had a great teacher. I had a great teacher" .

"我曾经的老师很棒。我曾经的老师很棒。"

This means my old teacher was great, but my new teacher is terrible.

意思是说我曾经的老师很棒，但我的新老师很糟糕。

Okay?

对吗？

So, again, even though we"re not saying this, just in the way we"re saying our words, there"s a lot of extra meaning.

所以，即使我们不是在表达这个意思，仅仅是我们说话的方式，就有很多额外的意义。

So let"s look at one more example to practice this.

让我们再看一个例子作为练习。

Okay, so we"re on our very last sentence of the day.

这是我们今天的最后一个例句，

And again, I want you to see all the different ways we can make meaning in this sentence based on the

stress we use on it.

同样，我希望你们能够根据我使用的不同重读，看到我在这句话中表达的不同意义。

Okay?

好吗？

So I have this sentence: " I know you made a mistake" .

来看这句话："我知道你犯过错。"

Now, I have the three different things it can possibly mean-okay? -based on stress.

它有三种可能的含义 - 好吗？根据不同的重读。

So I"m going to put stress on a part of the sentence, and I want you first to decide: What part of the sentence am I saying louder and longer?

那么我会重读句子的一部分，然后你先判断：我说的句子的哪一部分声音更大、时间更长？

Okay, so the sentence is: " I know you made a mistake. I know you made a mistake" .

好的，这个句子是"【我】知道你犯过错。【我】知道你犯过错。"

So what part of the sentence is louder and longer?

哪一部分声音更大、时间更长？

If you said the word " I" , you"re correct.

如果你说是"I"那么你对了。

This is the part that I"m stressing.

我重读了这部分。

So what does this mean if I say: " I know you made a mistake" ?

如果我这么说"【我】知道你犯过错"，那这是什么意思呢？

Does it mean other people don"t know, but I know?

这是指其他人不知道，但是我知道吗？

Does it mean I"m 100% sure you made a mistake?

这是指我百分百肯定你犯错了吗？

Or does it mean it was you who made the mistake, not your friend?

或者这是指你犯了错误，而不是你的朋友？

Your friend didn"t make the mistake, you made the mistake.

你的朋友没有犯错误，你犯了错误。

So out of these three, the most likely thing: " I made a mistake" means is going to be this one: Other people don"t know, but I know.

所以这三个中，最可能的是："【我】知道你犯过错"是指：其他人不知道，但我知道。

Okay?

对吗？

So if I say: I know you made a mistake" it means your friends don"t know, your teacher doesn"t know, but I know.

所以，如果我说："【我】知道你犯过错"意思是你的朋友不知道，你的老师不知道，但我知道。

All right?

对吗？

So this is different than if we say this:

如果我们这样说：

" I know you made a mistake. I know you made a mistake" .

"我【知道】你犯过错。我【知道】你犯过错。" 那么意思又不同了。

So what part is the loudest? What part is the longest?

哪一部分声音更大、时间更长？

If you said: " know" , you"re correct.

如果你说"know"那么你对了。

" I know you made a mistake" .

"我【知道】你犯过错。"

So what does this mean?

那么这是什么意思呢？

Does it mean. . . ?

这是不是指......？

So we"ve already used this one.

我们已经使用过这种方法了。

Does it mean I"m 100% sure you made a mistake?

这是指我100%确定你犯了错误吗？

Or does it mean it was you; not your friend, you? Which one?

或者是指你而不是你的朋友，你？是哪一个？

Well, considering we"re really focused on the word " know" , and " know" usually has to do with, like, either we know or we don"t know, it"s going to be B.

考虑到我们强调"know"这个词，而"know"通常与我们知道或不知道有关，答案是是B。

I"m stressing the fact that I am sure, I am certain it was you who made the mistake.

我重读的是我确信，我明白是你犯了错误。

" I know you made a mistake" means I"m 100% sure you"re the one who made the mistake.

"我【知道】你犯过错"意味着我100％肯定你是那个犯了错误的人。

Okay?

对吗？

So, I"m going to. . .

所以，我要。。。。。。

So the next one is going to mean this, it"s going to mean it was you and not your friend who made the mistake, that"s the thing we"re focused on.

所以下一个就是这个意思，是指你，而不是你的朋友犯了错误，这就是我们要强调的事情。

So I want you to listen very carefully to: Where is the stress?

所以我希望你仔细聆听：重读在哪里？

" I know you made the mistake. I know you made the mistake" .

"我知道【你】犯过错。我知道【你】犯过错。"

Okay, so if you said the stress is on " you" , you"re correct.

那么，所以如果你说重读在是"you"，那么你对了。

And so if I say: " I know you made the mistake" it means I really want to emphasize that it"s not your friends, it"s not your family, you"re the one.

因此，如果我说："我知道【你】犯过错"意思就是我想强调犯错误的不是你的朋友，不是你的家人，而是你。

Okay?

对吗？

So, the thing with this is it"s very important to first identify: Where is the stress?

因此，首先要确定的是：重读在哪里？

What part is the person really emphasizing?

这个人真正强调的是什么？

What part is the person saying with emotion?

这个人在说哪部分的时候带有情绪？

So that"s the first step, and once you do this you can think about:

这是第一步，一旦你这样做，你可以想一想：

" Okay, why are they saying this part louder and longer?

"那么，为什么他们说这部分声音更大时间更长？

What"s the purpose?

他们的目的是什么？

What does it mean?

他们想表达什么意思？

Does it mean they"re focused on, you know. . .

是指他们更强调。。。。。。

On it being that they see you do something versus someone else, is it based on maybe they"re trying to show that they like something, or love something, or hate something" ?

更强调是他们看到是你做的，还是别人做的，还是强调他们喜欢某物、爱某物或讨厌某物？

So it"s always good to ask yourself: Where is there stress and why is there stress?

所以总要问问自己：哪里有重读，为什么会重读？

Okay?

好吗？

Again, this takes a lot of practice.

再说一遍，这需要大量练习。

If you"re really interested in doing more practice for this, there"s a couple of things you can do.

如果你真的有兴趣为此做更多的练习，你可以做几件事。

First of all, there"s a test called the TOEFL.

首先，有一个名叫托福的测试。

This is very, very important on the TOEFL test.

这在托福考试中非常非常重要。

Even if you"re not taking the TOEFL test, I highly recommend doing some of the listenings because they have a lot of practice where you can actually listen for intonation and stress, and connect it to meaning.

即使你没有参加托福考试，我强烈建议你做一些托福考试的听力题，因为他们有很多练习题，你可以练习语调和重读，并解读它们的意义。

Okay?

好吗？

So that"s a great resource.

这是一个很好的资源。

Also you can check out our website at www. engvid. com, and there you can also find some more practice along with our quiz.

你也可以访问我们的网站www。engvid。com，在那里你还可以找到更多练习以及我们的测验。

Okay?

好吗？

I hope you"ve enjoyed this video.

我希望你喜欢这个视频。

Again, I know it"s a little bit difficult, but with practice and time I"m sure you will be able to get this.