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一、重点词汇
1. character [krkt(r)] n. (书、剧本、电影等中的)人物，角色
What does your character do?
你的角色要做什么？
2. approach [prt] v. 走进，靠近
He didn"t approach the front door at once.
他没有马上走向前门。
3. chat [tt] n. 闲谈，聊天
I had a chat with John.
我和约翰聊了会儿天。
4. focus [fks] v. (把……)集中(于)
The discussion focused on three main problems.
讨论集中在三个主要问题上。
The sun is gradually sinking below the horizon.
太阳正徐徐地沉入地平线下。
5. assume [sjum] v. 假定，假设，认为
I assumed that he had gone for a stroll.
我想他去散步了。
6. respect [rspekt] v. 尊敬，敬重
I want him to respect me as a career woman.
我要他把我作为一个职业女性来尊重。
7. studio [stjudi] n. (音乐)录音室
She"smuch happier performing live than in a recording studio.
与在录音棚里录音相比，她更喜欢现场表演。
8. court [kt] n. 法院，法庭
The Government is anxious to keep the whole case out of court.
政府急于把整个案子庭外了结。
9. ignore [ɡn(r)] v. 忽视，不理
I tried to tell her but she ignored me.
我打算告诉她,可是她不理睬我。
10. professional [prfenl] adj. 职业的，专业的
His professional career started at Liverpool University..
他的职业生涯是从利物浦大学开始的。
11. talent [tlnt] n. 天赋，才能
He"s got lots of talent.
他有许多天赋。
12. option [pn] n. 选择，可选择的东西
This is by far the best option.
这是迄今为止最好的选择。
13. generation [denren] n. 一代(人)
He is the best singer in our generation.
他是我们这个时代最优秀的歌手。
14. gap [ɡp] n. 差距，差别
The gap tells us how much work we need to do.
这个差距告诉我们需要做多少工作。
15. currently [krntli] adv. 现时，当前
It currently supports only image files.
它当前仅支持图片文件。
16. regularly [reɡjlli] adv. 经常
You should gargle the throat regularly.
你应该经常用含漱液漱口。
17. responsible [rspnsbl] adj. (对事故、错误、罪行等) 负有责任的，应承担责任的
He still felt responsible for her death.
他依然觉得对她的死负有责任。
18. memory [memri] n. 记忆，回忆
He had a good memory for faces.
他对相貌有很好的记忆力。
19. nowadays [nadez] adv. 现今，现时
He never tells me anything nowadays.
现在他什么也不告诉我了。
20. skin [skn] n. 皮肤
His skin is clear and smooth.
他的皮肤光洁滑润。
21. jogging [dɡ] n. 慢跑锻炼
It isn"t the walking and jogging that got his weight down.
不是散步和慢跑使他体重下降了。
22. slim [slm] adj. 苗条的，修长的
The young woman was tall and slim.
那个年轻女子个子高挑，身材苗条。
23. nation [nen] n. 国家
How could this happen in our nation?
这一切怎么会发生在我们的国家呢？
24. aim [em] v. 力求达到
He is aiming for the 100 metres world record.
他志在打破100米世界纪录。
25. issue [u; sju] (尤指社会或政治方面的)议题；争论的问题
For many people, this can be an issue.
对于许多人来讲，这是可能是问题。
26. theme [θim] n. 主题
I love the content and the theme of the site.
我喜欢这个网站的内容和他们的主题。
27. observe [bzv] v. 庆祝，过(节日、生日等)
Can you say something about how the Chinese observe the Mid-Autumn Festival?
你能说说中国人是怎么过中秋节的吗？
28. range [ren(d)] n. 一系列
A wide range of colours and patterns are available.
一系列各种各样的颜色和图案都有。
29. event [vent] n. 活动(指演出、体育比赛、聚会等)
The event will go ahead as planned in Sheffield next summer.
这项活动将按计划于明年夏天在谢菲尔德举行。
30. apologise [""pldaz] v. 道歉
I"m afraid that you"ll have to apologise for what you"ve done.
我恐怕你得为你所做的事道歉。
31. stress [stres] n. 重音，重读
He stressed the word of “unity”.
他特别重读“团结”一词。
That article stressed the same problem.
那篇文章强调了同一个问题。
32. impact [mpkt] n. 作用，影响
The book made much impact.
这本书的影响力很大。
33. strength [streθ] n. 强烈程度
He was surprised at the strength of his own feeling.
他对自己感情的强烈程度感到吃惊。
34. admire [d"ma] v. 钦佩，赞美，羡慕
I admired her when I first met her and I still think she"s marvellous.
我第一次见到她时就钦佩她，而且我现在依然认为她很了不起。
35. judge [dd] v. 认为，判断
It is hard to judge this case.
这个案子很难断。
36. settle [setl] v. 和解，结束(争论)
settle for 勉强接受，将就
England will have to settle for third or fourth place.
英格兰将只好接受第三或第四的排名。
37. feature ["fit(r)] (报纸或杂志的)特写
We are delighted to see the Sunday Times running a long feature on breast cancer.
我们高兴地看到《星期日泰晤士报》刊登了关于乳腺癌的一篇长长的特写。
38. typically [tpkli] adv. 一般，通常
He is typically American.
他是典型的美国人。
39. individual [ndvdul] 独特的，与众不同的(一般含褒义)
Each individual boy in the class has his own personalities.
这个班上的每一个男孩都有自己的个性。
40. style [stal] n. 风格
She has a style of her own in everything.
她在各方面都有自己的独特风格。
41. extra [ekstr] ad. 额外的，另外的
I stayed out an extra half hour.
我还特别多待了半个小时。
42. detail [ditel] n. 细节，细微之处
The details of the plan are still being worked out.
计划的细节仍在制订中。
43. contain [knten] v. 包含，含有
The bag contained a Christmas card.
这个包里装着一张圣诞卡。
44. summary [smri] n. 总结，概要
Below is a summary of what we talked about and learned from one another.
下面是对我们所谈论的和从对方身上学到的知识的一个总结。
45. powerful [pafl] adj. 强有力的，有影响(感染)力的
You"re a powerful man — people will listen to you.
你是有影响力的人，大家会听你的。
46. series [sriz] n. 系列比赛
The students have put forward a series of questions.
学生们提出了一系列问题。
47. in the lead 领先
America is in the lead on data access.
美国在数据透明化方面走在了世界的前列。
48. onto ["nt] prep. 到……上，向……上，朝……上
Drive onto the motorway.
向高速公路开去。
49. track [trk] n. 跑道
The cyclist went at full sail along the track.
自行车手沿着跑道全速前进。
50. media ["midi] n. 新闻媒体，传媒
The media have a lot of power today.
现在大众传媒有很大的力量。
51. obviously ["bvisli] adv. 明显地，显而易见地
He was obviously drunk.
他显然是醉了。
52. despite [dspat] prep. 尽管，虽然
Despite old age, she is still learning to drive.
尽管年事已高，她还在学开车。
53. throughout [θruat] prep. 在整个期间，自始至终
The disease spread throughout the country.
这种疾病蔓延全国。
54. entire [nta(r)] adj. 全部的，整个的
He had spent his entire life in China as a doctor.
他一生都在中国当医生。
55. positive [pztv] adj. 好的，积极的
Be positive about your future and get on with living a normal life.
要对自己的未来充满信心，继续过一种正常的生活。
56. athlete [θlit] n. 运动员，田径运动员
She planned to become a professional athlete.
她希望成为一个职业运动员。
57. medal [medl] n. 奖牌，勋章
She won the individual gold medal at the Winter Olympics.
她在冬奥会上获得了个人金牌。
58. somehow [somehow] adv. 用某种方法，不知怎的
He was nervous somehow.
不知怎么的，他有点紧张。
59. indeed [ndid] adv. 当然，确实(用于强调陈述或回答)
It was indeed a strange and unusual time.
那真是段古怪而奇妙的时光。
二、常用表达方式
1. A table and two chairs at front centre. Grandfather and father, seated at the table, are playing
chess. 前面中心位置有一张桌子和两把椅子。祖父和父亲坐在桌旁，正在下棋。
seat 使……坐下；可容纳……人，是及物动词，因此表示“就座，坐下”，常用过去分词或be seated。
2. Oh look, here comes my boy. 哦，看，我的儿子来了。
here comes my boy该句使用了完全倒装，当句首是here, there, now, then 等副词，谓语动
词是be, go, come 等且主语是名词时，句子要用完全倒装。即Here/There/Now/Then + 谓
语+ 主语(名词).
Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。
3. approach the house 走近房子
approach the problem/matter处理问题
an approach to (doing) sth. （做）某事的方法
4. You know you can always turn to your dad for a chat. 你知道的，你总是可以找你爸爸聊天
的。
1) turn to求助于；转向；翻到。to是介词。
turn to sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助 You can turn to the police for help. 你可以找警察帮忙。
turn to sb for advice 向某人求教 For English, you can ask Li Hua for advice. 对于英语，你可
以向李华求教。
turn to the left 向左转
turn to Page 45 翻到45页
2) chat聊天，闲谈，have a chat 聊天
have a chat with sb about sth 与某人闲聊某事
I had a long chat with her. 我和她闲聊了很久。
5. I’ve decided not to go to university. I want to focus on my band and have a career in music
when I leave school. 我决定不去上大学了。高中毕业后，我想专注我的乐队，从事音乐事业。
1) have decided 是现在完成时态，表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或
结果，其构成是：have/had + done.
2) focus on 集中于
focus one’s attention/mind on…把某人的注意力集中于……
Focus on one task until it’s done, then move to the next. 集中精力对付一个任务，直到它完成才去做下一个任务。
3) a career in …在……领域的职业
George was going on to a career in teaching and television, where I hoped he would be happier.
乔治准备从事教学和电视事业，我希望他能在那些工作中更快乐些。
6. But in the end, you just advised me to think carefully. 但最后，你只是建议我仔细考虑一下。
advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事
In fact, I would advise them not to do that. 实际上，我建议他们不要那么做。
7. Yes, and you have found the career that suits your talents. I’m so prond of you. Your son is
prond of you, too. 是的，你找到了适合你才能的事业。我为你感到骄傲。你儿子也为你骄
傲。
have a talent for …有……才能，有……天赋
All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, saying that I had a talent for football. 操场上
be prond of 以……为骄傲，
take pride in 以……为自豪，
prond和pride是形容词和名词的关系。
8. Why don’t you also take my advice and think carefully before jumping in with both feet? 你为
什么不也听我的劝告，在匆匆投入之前仔细考虑一下呢？
take/follow one’s advice 听从某人的意见
He followed the doctor’s advice and gave up smoking. 他听从医生的劝告戒烟了。
jump in with both feet 不假思索地匆匆投入；全心全意地从事
If you want to learn this business, you"re gonna have to jump in with both feet. 如果你想学习
（做）这种交易，那你得全身心地投入才行。
Why don’t you do sth? 你为什么不做某事？该句式是很常见的表示提建议的句型，相当于
“Why not do sth?”。
Why don’t we go together? 我们为什么不一起去呢？
Why not call her? 为什么不给她打电话？
9. If you were in a similar situation to the son, what would you do? 如果你处在和这个儿子相似
的情况下，你会怎么做？
该句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，表达的是与现在事实相
反的情况或对当前情况的一种假设。条件句谓语形式：过去时（be动词用were），主句谓
语形式：would/could/might/should + 动词原形。
if引导的虚拟语气：
1) 表示与现在事实相反的情况，其句型为“ if+ 主语 + 动词的过去式（ be 动词用 were ），主语 +would / could / might / should + 动词原形”。如：
If the weather were fine, we would go to Shanghai. 如果天气好，我们就去上海。（事实上天气不好）
If they had time, they would / could / might go with me. 如果他们有时间，他们就会（可能）和我一起去。
2) 表示与过去事实相反的情况。其句型为“ if + 主语 + 动词的过去完成式，主语 +would
/ could / should / might + have + 动词的过去分词”。如：
If I had taken his advice, I shouldn’t / wouldn’t / couldn"t have made such a mistake. 如果
我按照他的建议去做，我一定不会（不可能）犯这样的错误。
3) 表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果，其句型为“ if + 主语 + 动词的过去式 /
should + 动词原形 / were to +动词原形，主语 +would / could / might / should + 动词原
形”。如：
The glass would break if you dropped it. 杯子摔下来会打破的。（事实上没有摔下来）
If it should rain, the crops would / could / might be saved. 假如天下雨，庄稼就一定（有
可能）会得救。
If dad were here, he would know what to do. 如果爸爸在这儿，他会知道怎么做的。
10. Who’s responsible? 谁的责任？
be responsible for 对……负责
be responsible for (doing) sth 对(做)某事负责
be responsible to sb 对某人负责
Many first-time parents nervously try to warm their children off touching dirt, which might be
responsible for the spread of disease. 很多新手父母紧张兮兮地努力警告孩子们不要触摸
可能会引起疾病蔓延的脏东西。
11. Great to hear from you! 很高兴收到你的来信！
hear from 收到某人的来信
I hear from him every week. 我每周都收到他的来信。
hear of/about 听说关于……
We were all pained to hear of his death. 听到他的死讯，我们都很痛苦。
12. In his thirties, he was quite thin and pale, and he had red, bushy hair. Nowdays, he’s well-built
and tanned. 他三十几岁时，身体瘦削，脸色发白，一头浓密的红发。如今，他身材魁梧，
皮肤黝黑。
in one’s+数字基数词复数，意为“在某人多少岁时”。
in his fifties在他五十几岁时
in one’s thirties 在某人三十多岁时
well-built adj. 体格健壮的，结实的，这是合成形容词，是“副词+过去分词”形式。
13. I think they are kind of cute too, right? Can’t wait to see you back in school! 我觉得它们也
挺可爱的，对吧？等不及要回学校见你了！
kind of有点
can’t wait to do sth迫不及待的要做某事= can’t wait for doing sth.
I can’t wait to tell her the good news. 我迫不及待地要告诉她这个好消息。
I can hardly wait to see him again. 我迫不及待地想再次见到他。
On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get there. 在我们去那所房子的路上，雨下得很大，我们禁不住想知道要多久才能到那里。
14. It aims to deepen people’s understanding of issues that are related to families. 它旨在加深人
们对与家庭有关的问题的理解。
aim to do sth 旨在做某事
be aimed at doing sth 旨在做某事
deepen加深
be related to 与……有关
This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. 这一点非常重要，
因为它与你的投入直接相关。
15. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are
organised at local, national and international levels. 每年都有不同的主题，在地方、国家和
国际各级，人们组织各种活动来庆祝这一天
a range of 一系列
a wide range of 各种各样的……
As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. 结果，人类形成了一系列至今仍然存在的性格类型。
that 引导定语从句，修饰events。
16. apologise道歉，apologise to sb for (doing) sth 因（做了）某事而向某人道歉
The manager apologised to Judy for not arranging for someone to meet her at the airport. 经理因为没有安排人去机场接朱迪而向她道了歉。
17. I wish she had come! 我真希望她来！
该句中I wish后接宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，这里用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反
的情况。
wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气表示与事实相反或难以实现的愿望，从句谓语动词形式如
下：
1) 与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式（be动词用were）。如：
I wish I knew how to program the new computer. 我希望我知道如何给这台新电脑编程序。
2) 与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用“had+ 过去分词”。如：
I wish you had come to our New Year’s party. 我真希望你来参加我们的新年晚会。
3) 与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用“would/could/might/should + 动词原形”。如：
I wish he would try again. 我希望他再试一次。
18. take some time off 休息一段时间
make up for 弥补
19. Placing stress on particular words can have a big impact on the meaning and strength of
apologise. For example, saying “I am sorry” has more of an impact than “I’m sorry”. 强调特
定的词语会对道歉的诚意和力度产生很大的作用。例如：说“I am sorry” 比“I’m sorry” 有
更大的作用。
place stress on 强调……
have an impact/effect on 对……有影响
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions and practical life
skills. 戈登说，HUNCH项目对大学录取和实际生活技能有影响。
for example 例如
“more of a/an + 单数可数名词”这是比较特殊的一种表达方式，原形是“much of a/an + 单
数可数名词”，此类还有little of, nothing of 等。of所有格表达的是部分和整体的关系，
说明of后面名词的“程度有多大”，若是百分之百，就不需要这些词组了。much of理解
为“很，十分，多么”。
20. admire sb for …因……而钦佩某人
I admired him for being so confident at his age. 我钦佩他这般年纪就如此自信。
21. judging by/from 根据……判断
judging from one’s accent从口音判断
Judging from the number of the cars only a small number of people have attended the meeting.
从汽车的数量来看，只有少数人参加了会议。
22. settle down （在某地）安居下来；（使某人）安静下来
settle down in their new home 在他们的新家安顿下来
settle the children down 使孩子们安静下来
23. in detail 详细地
In order to deliver a clear presentation, I slowly explained the traditonal procedure of making
tea in detail. 为了表达清楚，我慢慢地、详细地讲解了传统的泡茶流程。
24. The middle part contains the “meat” of the story, with the ending being a summary, a powerful
quote or even a surprise for the reader. 中间部分包含着故事的“主要部分”，结尾就是一个
总结，一个具有感染力的名言引述，或者甚至是给读者的一个惊喜。
in summary总之
In summary, this was a disappointing performance. 总的来说，这场演出令人失望。
with the ending being…是with复合结构，the ending是宾语，being a summary …for the
reader是宾补。
“with + 宾语 + 宾补”在句中常作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、条件或伴随等。具
体形式主要有：
with + 宾语 + 现在分词(主动或正在进行)
with + 宾语 +过去分词(被动或已经完成)
with + 宾语 + 动词不定式(尚未发生)
with + 宾语 + 形容词/副词/介词短语
例句：I can’t work with all that noise going on. 吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法工作。
With his hair cut, he looked much younger. 他理了发，看上去年轻多了。
With so much work to do, I can’t go on holiday. 有这么多工作要做，我不能去度。
He often sleeps with the windows open. 他经常开着窗户睡觉。
He left the room with the light on. 他开着灯离开了房间。
The teacher came in with a book in his hand. 老师手里拿着一本书走了进来。
25. “Obviously, when your older brother is doing it, you think it’s a cool thing to,” says Jonny. “很
明显，当你哥哥这样做的时候，你认为这是很酷的事情。”乔尼说。
Obviously, this is going to take some time. 很明显，这要花点儿时间。
They are obviously not coming. 他们显然不回来了。
It is obvious that… 显然……
It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. 很明显，这些使人类成为地球上最强大的动物。
26. Despite arguments over “stupid thing” now and then, Alistair agrees that having a brother is an
advantage. 尽管他们常常为“一些蠢事”争论不休，阿里斯泰尔还是认为有个兄弟是一种
优势。
despite，相当于in spite of，尽管，虽然。其后接名词、代词或动名词，不能引导从句，但可以用despite/in spite of the fact that引导从句。
She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring. 尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。
27. Throughout my entire life, I’ve had my brother trying to beat me at everything I do. It has been
an enormously positive force. 在我的整个一生中，我的弟弟一直试图在我做的每件事上打
败我。这是一种非常积极地力量。
throughout 可以指时间，相当于all through；也可以指空间，相当于all over。
throughout my entire life 我的整个一生=all through my entire life
throughtout the year 全年 = all through the year
throughout the country = all over the country 全国
28. As I was looking at it, the lovely memory of that day came back to me. 看到它，我想起了那
一天的美好回忆。
as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”。
come back to（记忆）返回到
29. But somehow they ended up burnt. 但不知为何，它们最后被烧焦了。
end up 结束，其后常接形容词、现在分词等作状语，如：
Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says
Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. 加利福尼亚州斯坦福大学的瑞恩·卡洛说，
无人驾驶汽车最终可能会成为一种公共交通工具，而不是你拥有的车辆。
30. I was about to throw everything away when my mother came in. To my surprise, …我正要把所有东西都扔掉，这时妈妈进来了。令我惊奇的是……
throw away 扔掉，丢弃
1) to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是
“to one’s + 表示情感的名词”表示“令某人……的是”，也可写作“to the + 表示情感的名词 + of sb”。可用于这一结构的名词还有joy, delight, sorrow, regret, relief, disappointment等。
To everyone’s surprise, the ball went into the net. 令每个人吃惊的是，球进网了。
2) sb be about to do …when …某人正要做……这时……，when在此做并列连词，引出一个
突然发生的动作，when相当于 and then或and at that time。be about to do可单独使用，
表示“正要做某事”。
句型拓展：
Sb. was on the point of doing...when… 某人正要做…….这时……
Sb was doing…when… 某人正在做……这时…….
Sb had just done...when… 某人刚做完……这时……
We were just about to leave when Jerry arrived. 我们正要离开的时候，杰里倒了。
31. 复习动词时态
1) 一般现在时
①表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态。常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如usually, often,
always, sometimes, never, every day, once a week等。
He always goes to work by subway. 他总是乘地铁去上班。
②表示客观事实或普遍真理，也用在格言中。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄傲使人失败。
③表示按计划或时间表将要发生的事，其后常跟表示将来的时间状语。
The plane takes off at4pm.飞机下午4点起飞。
When does the school begin? 学校什么时侯开学？
④表示主语现在的特征、性格或状态。
Jenny loves music. 珍妮喜欢音乐。
She lives in a small apartment. 她住在一套小公寓里。
⑤一些表示心理意识的动词，如know, understand, member等，无进行时，只能用一般现
在时表示现在发生的具体行为。
I still remember the frightening experience on the island. 我仍然记得在那个岛上的可怕经
历。
⑥在时间和条件状语从句中代替一般将来时。
I’ll think about it when I write my report. 我写报告时会对此予以考虑的。
2) 现在进行时
①表示说话时正在进行的动作。常与now, right now, at present, at the moment等时间状语及
look, listen等标志词连用。
We are waiting for the subway at the moment. 我们现在正在等地铁。
Listen! Somebody is singing. 听！有人在唱歌。
②表示现阶段正在进行而此刻不一定在进行的动作。常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如
these days, this week等。
How are you getting on with your classmates these days. 这些天你和同班同学相处得如
何？
We are studying French this semester. 我们这学期学习法语。
③某些非延续性动词可以用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。常用的这类动词有come, go,
leave, arrive,star, finish, die等。这时句中一般有表示将来的时间状语。
They are leaving by train tonight. 他们今晚坐火车走。
We are starting work at eight o’ clock next month. 下个月我们将八点开始上班。
④表达特定的感情色彩。现在进行时常与 always, continually, constantly, forever等表示频
率的副词连用，表示重复的动作，常含有厌烦、不满、抱怨、赞扬等感情色彩。试比
较：
She is always scolding her children. 她总是训斥自己的孩子。(不满)
She always scolds her children. 她总是训斥自己的孩子。(事实)
He is constantly doing good work at school. 他在学校总是成绩优秀。(赞扬)
He does good work at school. 他在学校成绩优秀。(事实)
3) 现在完成时
①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与already, just, yet, before, recently, so
far, ever, never, once等连用。
They have already learned two languages. 他们已经学会了两种语言。
He hasn’t made a remark on the structure yet. 他尚未对该结构发表评论。
②表示从过去某一时间开始持续到现在的动作或状态。常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如
so far, up to now, for a long time, for years, since 2010, in the past/last five years, these days
等。
Tom and Mary have been friends for years. 汤姆和玛丽是多年的朋友。
He has lived in London since 2000. 自从2000年以来他就住在伦敦。
③在时间和条件状语从句中代替将来完成时。
I’ll go to the party as soon as I have finished my homework. 我一完成作业就去参加聚会。
I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes. 除非亲眼看到，否则我是不
会相信你的。
④在“This/It is the first/second…time that...”句式中，that从句用现在完成时。
It’s the first time that I have come to Harvard University. 这是我第一次来哈佛大学。
4) 一般过去时
①表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
He offered his seat to an old man. 他把他的座位让给了一位老人。
I had a nice encounter with that girl last week. 上周我与那个女孩有一次美丽的邂逅。
②表示过去某一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a teenager, I played table tennis almost every day. 我十几岁时，几乎每天都打
乒乓球。
③在时间和条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。
They said they would let us know if they heard any news about him. 他们说如果听到关于
他的任何消息，他们就通知我们。
5) 一般将来时
一般将来时由“shall/will+动词原形”构成，表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与
tomorrow, next week, in the future, in a few days等时间状语连用。
I shall leave for London tomorrow. 我明天要去伦敦。
A simple test will show if this is real gold. 一个简单的测试将会证明这是不是真金。
此外，还有以下表达法：
(1) be going to do结构
表示打算、计划、安排要做某事或有迹象表明要发生某事。
What are you going to do during the summer holiday? 暑假你打算做什么？
Look at the dark clouds! It is going to rai. 瞧那些乌云！就要下雨了。
(2) be about to do结构
表示即将发生的动作，一般不与具体的时间状语连用。
Be quiet! The lecture is about to start. 安静！讲座马上就要开始了。
(3) be to do结构
表示按照约定、职责、义务或要求等即将发生的动作。
We are to meet at the school gate. 我们约好在校门口见。
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