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好的文章以尽可能少的语言传达一切相关信息。太繁琐的语句会使读者感到困惑,也为我们的想法蒙上阴影。
如何将已写好的文章的表达方式变得更简洁?
George Mason大学写作中心总结了十个小技巧,主要包括短语修改和句子结构修改两类,一起来看看吧~
1、短语修改
删除不必要的副词这些副词存在与否不影响句子含义。例如extremely, fairly, definitely, entirely等。
原:We found the proposal quitefeasible.
改:
删掉“quite” ,
We found the proposal feasible.
删除多余的动词和短语原:
My essay will discuss all the new and recent studiesin the field.
改:
删掉其中多余单词。“new” 和“recent”是一个意思。
My essay will discuss all therecent studies in the field.
较长的短语改为动词原:
First, I willtalk about the growing problem of media censorship.
改:
First, I will discussthe growing problem of media censorship.
否定结构转换为积极结构原:
Housing for partnered students is not unworthyof consideration.
改:
删掉“not”和“un-”
Housing for partnered students is worthy ofconsideration.
在“this”、“that”或“the”后面加上名词原:
This contributed to the lack of believability in the story.
改:
在“this”后添加一个名词匹配主题。
This duplicitycontributedto the lack of believability in the story.
用特定名词或短语精准表达意思原:
One of my extracurricular activities is doing thoughtful things for other people.
改:
“doing thoughtful things”指什么? 谁是“other people”?
One of my extracurricular activities is doing community servicefor a local women’s shelter.
2、句子结构修改
主语和主要动词要接近原:
In Johnson (2014), the main purpose of the researcher’s social experiment that observed college students who take SOCI 600 was to measure their responses to certain stimuli.
改:
调整句子结构,让主要动词紧跟主语。
Johnson (2014) measured SOCI 600 students’responses to certain stimuli in a social experiment.
注意“It is”“There are”或类似开头的句子原:
There aretwo pine trees which grow behind this house.
改:
删掉“there are” 和 “which”
Two pine treesgrow behind this house.
用更具体的动词替代冗长的疑问句原:
HIV-AIDS education should be focused on sexual education, but the facts about what the disease is and how it affectspeopleare just as important.
改:
将疑问句式改为名词短语。
HIV-AIDS education should be focused on sexual education, but the facts about the disease and its effectsare just as important.
消除不必要的元话语原:
It is important to note thatthese guidelinesare not universally applicable.
改:
如果可以,请删除对句子主要内容进行注释的单词或短语。
These guidelinesare not universally applicable.
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