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「来源: ｜BEC商务英语 ID：becxuexi」
同一个世界同一个梦想，那就是不上班。
说到假期，你的第一反应还是holiday？Nonono~假期的说法有好几种。请假的方式也有很多，今天就让我们来一起看看吧！
假期的说法
Holiday
Holiday是holy和day的合写，最初的意思是特殊的宗教节日。后来，用来指特别的休息日，以区别于周末的正常休息。
几乎所有英语国家都可以用holiday指国家或者文化传统设置的，用来庆祝的节日。
Holiday也指不上学或者不上班的特殊日子，比如劳动节。注意，如果把 Holiday放在一个具体节日后面，如 Labor Day Holiday，它指的是正式节日日期附近的休息日。
Vacation
假期，美国人更常用 Go on a vacation; 通常指一段时间, 比较长的假期。
Break
通常指较短的假期、或者休息一会儿，比如：Take a 10-minute break (休息十分钟)
假期类型
外企的合同和offer大部分都是英文，其中有一部分就是讲假期的，年假事假病假、产假婚假丧假……
值得一提的是，很多外企的放假时间都很爽，有的每个月有1-2天不需要提供证明的带薪病假，有的动不动就放个超长年假~
休假 - Leave
Leave: time that you are allowed to spend away from your work
年假 - annual leave
Annual: happening once a year
事假（无薪假） - unpaid leave
Unpaid: done without receiving payment
病假 - sick leave
Sick: suffering from a disease or illness
丧假 - mourning Leave
Mourning: great sadness because someone has died
婚假 - marriage leave
Marriage: the relationship between two people who are married, or the state of being married
产检假 - prenatal check-up
Prenatal: relating to unborn babies and the care of pregnant women
Check-up: a general medical examination that a doctor or dentist gives you to make sure you are healthy
产假 - maternity leave
Maternity: relating to a woman who is pregnant or who has just had a baby
陪产假 - paternity leave
Paternity: the fact of being the father of a particular child
Tips: 常见的病假一般叫Sick leave，也叫 Sickness pay或者Sick pay。它指员工的一种福利（Benefit），在生病情况下可以享受带薪休假。各个国家、地区及行业规定不尽一致，可能需要 Medical certificate 来获得必要的休息时间。
关于假期的短语
Ask for leave
请假；
Grant leave
准假；
On leave
告假；
Paid leave
带薪休假；
Approve one"s leave
批假；
Have a holiday
休假；
Extend one"s leave
延长假期；
Submit a request to take the leave
申请休假；
On holiday
/on one’s holiday
/ take holiday
休假中；
如何用英文请假？
帮别人请假，或告诉别人：她/他请假了。
He has a day off today.
他今天请假一天。
She had two weeks off because she was ill.
因为生病了，她请假两周。
病假理由 | Sick leave
1.I don’t feel well./ I am feeling sick./ I am unwell./ I am not doing too well.
我不太舒服。
2.I have been feeling very run down lately.
最近我有点虚弱。
3.I think I"ve caught a bug.
我觉得我被感染了。
4.I think I caught cold/I have flu.
我觉得我感冒了。
5.I have a stuffy nose/runny nose/sore throat.
我的鼻子不通/流鼻涕/喉咙痛。
Stuffy nose 鼻子不通
Runny nose 流鼻涕
Sore throat 喉咙痛
6.I have headache today.我今天头痛。
*在老外心中，headache头痛是一种比较严重的说法。一般不会轻易使用。
其实根据头痛的程度，我们也有不同的表述方式。
-I"m feeling (a little) dizzy today. Because I didn"t sleep well last night.
我有一点头晕。
7.I"m feeling nauseated. Guess it"s a hangover from last night.
我觉得恶心反胃，应该是宿醉未醒。
8.Stomachache today.今天肚子疼。
简单粗暴的说法。大家也都能明白。
其次还有两种常用的升级版说法，意思都是一样。
-My stomach is not feeling so well. 或者
-My stomach is feeling wired today.
我感觉肚子不舒服。
9.I"m on my period and I have cramps.
或者It"s that time of the month, and I have cramps.
我来月经了，肚子疼。
还有其他病症。
10.Food poisoning 食物中毒
I had food poisoning from that undercooked chicken I ate on vacation.
我因为在旅行是吃了没煮熟的鸡肉而食物中毒了。
11.Diarrhea 腹泻
I‘ve been having/experiencing minor/severe diarrhea.
我最近有一些轻微的/严重的腹泻
12.Insomnia 失眠
I"ve been having insomnia/trouble sleeping lately.
最近经常失眠。
I haven"t been sleeping well lately.
我最近经常睡不好。
13.Scratches 刮痕
I scratched my arm/leg/shoulder when I was hiking yesterday.
我昨天远足的时候不下心刮伤了手臂/腿/肩膀。
I have scratches on my arms.
我的胳膊上有刮痕。
14.Sprain 扭伤
I sprained my ankle when I was exercising.
我在锻炼的时候不小心扭伤了脚踝.
15.Sore 疼痛
I have a sore back/leg/arm.
我的背疼/腿疼/胳膊疼。
I have sore eyes.
我的眼睛干疼。
16.Pain 疼痛
I have shoulder/neck pain.
我的肩膀/脖子疼。
请假常用语
1.Can I take next Tuesday off?
下周二我能请假吗？
2.Would it be possible if I take next Monday off?
下周一我想请假，可以吗？
3.I have some personal business that I need to take care of.
我有点私事要处理。
4.I got some family issues that I need to take a day off.
我有些家庭问题要解决，需要请一天假。
5.Can I have 3 hours off today in lieu of the 3 hours of overtime I worked last night?
昨天晚上我加班了3个小时，今天我能调休3小时吗？
如果你想多休息两天，也可以这么说：
Could I have some extra time off?
Could I take some extra days off？
May I have/take a few extra days off?
重点词是Extra, 以上翻译为：我可以多请几天假吗？
Reassure your boss that your work won"t be affected.
当然也得向老板保证，工作不会受影响。
另外，请假了，一般都要做好交接工作。这种表达如何说呢？
Fill in for someone：fill in 是填空的意思，fill in for sb 就是为别人顶班，暂时代替别人。
-We"ll have to find someone to fill in for Francis tonight as he"s ill.
费朗西斯病了，我们得找个什么人今晚顶替他。
Cover for somebody：替某人。
-Can you cover for me on Friday because I am gonna visit my aunt that day.
星期五能不能请你替我个班，那天我要去看阿姨。
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