单词：
1. senior adj. (地位、水平或级别)高的，高级的
常用搭配：
senior high school 高中
a senior officer/manager/lecturer
高级军官/经理/讲师
be senior to sb 比别人年长，比别人职位高；
He is senior to me.
他的职位比我高。
I have ten years" experience at senior management level.
我有十年的高层管理经验。
He is five years senior to me.
＝He is senior to me by five years.他比我大五岁。
2. junior adj. 较年幼的，地位较低的，资历较浅的
n. 低职位人员，青少年运动员
常用搭配：
junior high school 初级中学
a junior doctor 初级医师
the junior football club 青少年足球俱乐部
be junior to sb. 比某人小/级别低/资历浅（不与than连用）
My brother is three years junior to me.
我弟弟比我小三岁。
He is junior to several men in the office.
他职位比办公室里几位男性低。
3. curious adj. 求知欲强的，好奇的
They were curious to find out who won the game.
他们很想知道究竟谁赢得了比赛。
He was curious to know what happened.
他很想知道发生了什么事。
Babies are curious about everything around them.
婴儿对周围的一切感到好奇。
4. impression n. 印象，感想
常用搭配：
first impression 第一印象
leave/make a(n) ... impression (on sb.)
（给某人）留下......的印象
make an impression=make a good impression
留下好印象
What were your first impressions of college?
你对大学的第一印象是什么？
His words made a strong impression on us.
他的话给我们留下了深刻的印象。
I was trying to make an impression.
我想要留下一个好印象。
impress v.给……留下深刻的印象，使钦佩；使铭记
impressive adj.给人深刻印象的
常用搭配：
impress sth. on/ upon sb.
使某人铭记/牢记某事
impress sb. with sth. 给某人留下......印象
be impressed by/at/with 对……印象深刻
His sincerity impressed her.
= He impressed her with his sincerity.
他的真诚打动了她。
What really impressed me was their enthusiasm.
=It really impressed me that they were so enthusiastic.
真正令我钦佩的是他们的热情。
The speaker tried to impress the dangers of drugs on the children.
=The speaker tried to impress on the children how dangerous the drugs can be.
发言人力图让孩子们铭记毒品的危害。
5. breathe v 吸气，呼吸
He breathed inthe cool ocean air.
他吸入凉爽的海风。
Breatheout as you lift the weight and breathe in as you lower it.
举起重物时要呼气，放下时要吸气。
He breatheddeeplybefore speaking again.
他深吸一口气，然后继续说下去。
【拓展】breath n. 呼吸的空气，气息；呼吸
have bad breath 有口臭
take a deep breath 深深吸一口气
out of breath 喘不上气，气喘吁吁
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸, 闭气。
How long can you hold your breath underwater?
你不呼吸能在水下呆多久？
6. calm adj . 平静的；镇静的，沉着的
The high wind passed and the sea was calm again.
大风过后，大海又平静了。
She tried to keep calm about it.
她尽力冷静对待这件事。
vi. 平静，镇静，常用于calm down, 表示“平静下来”。
Calm down for a minute and listen to me.
你安静一会儿，听我说。
vt. 使平静，使镇静，常用于calm sb. down。
He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down.
他深深地吸了几口气，使自己平静下来。
calm down 作不及物动词短语时，意为“（人）冷静下来；（风、海等）平静下来”；作及物动词短语时，意为“使（人）沉着，使（人）沉住气”。
7. argue vt. & vi. 讨论; 辩论; 争论
argue (with sb.) (about/over sth.)(同某人)辩论(某事)
It is useless trying to argue withhim about it．
同他就这件事争辩是没有用的。
They are arguingwiththeir classmates about the solution to the problem.
他们正在和同学争论这个问题的解决方法。
提出理由说明……；争辩……；主张……
argue that(从句)
We argued thatwe should be paid more.
我们据理力争我们应该得到更高的薪水。
argue for/against赞成/反对……
He argued againstbuying a new computer.
他给出种种理由，反对购买新电脑。
argue sb. into / out of doing sth．
＝persuade sb. into / out of doing sth.
＝persuade sb. to do / not to do sth.
劝说某人做/不做某事
8. apply （1）申请
apply for a job/passport… 申请工作/护照……
apply to sb/sth (for sth) 向……申请……
例句：
To apply fora job, you must fill out a form.
要申请这个工作，你需要填写表格。
I applied tofour universities and was accepted by all of them.
我向四所大学提出申请，都录取了。
【拓展】 （2）使用，应用
apply sth to sth
They applywhat they learned in school to their everyday lives.
他们把在学校所学运用到日常生活当中。
They applieda new technique to solve an old problem.
他们采用了新技术来解决一个老问题。
（3）适用（于），运用（于）
apply to
The rule doesn’t apply toyou, so you don’t worry about it.
此规定对你不适用，所以不用担心。
（4）施，涂，敷
apply sth. to 把......涂/敷在；把......施于；
She appliedheavy makeup to her face.
她在脸上浓妆艳抹。
【拓展】applicant n.申请者(可数)：
application n. 申请(不可数)；申请书(可数)；使用，应用
9. schedule n. 时间表，进度表；日程安排
ahead of/behind schedule 先于/晚于预定时间
on schedule 按预定时间
Jack has a busy schedule for the next few days.
杰克接下来的几天日程安排得很紧。
The train was in an hour behind schedule.
火车晚点一小时到达。
vt. 为某事安排时间
schedule sth for sth
We’ve scheduled the meeting for Monday morning.
我们把会议安排在星期一上午。
be scheduled to do 预定做某事
I’m scheduled to arrive in Shanghai at 5 o’clock tomorrow.
我定于明天5时到达上海。
10. struggle v.
① 斗争；奋斗，拼搏，努力
常用表达：
struggle for 为……斗争/努力/奋斗
struggle with/against 与……斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
例句：
The country is struggling for independence.
这个国家正在为争取独立而斗争。
Millions of people are struggling for survival.
千千万万的人在挣扎中求生存。
He struggled against cancer for two years.
他同癌症抗争了两年。
The airline is struggling with high costs.
航空公司正在努力应付高成本。
She’s struggling to bring up a family alone.
她独自一人吃力地撑着一个家。
②艰难地行进
例句：I struggled up the hill with the heavy bags.
我背着几个沉重的包吃力地爬上山去。
struggle n. 斗争，搏斗，拼搏，努力
Several people were hurt in the struggle.
在打斗中，有几个人受伤。
短语：
1. refer to
(1) 提到，谈及，说起
We agreed never to refer to the matter again.
我们同意永远不再提这件事。
She always referred to John as ‘that nice man’.
她总是称约翰为“那个大好人”。
(2) 参考，查阅
refer to a dictionary 查词典
He gave the speech without referring to his notes.
他不看讲稿发表了演讲。
(3) 涉及，与……相关，指
This paragraph refers to the events of last year.
这一段说的是去年发生的事。
注意：refer 加-ed或-ing时，要双写“r”。
【拓展】n. reference 参考（书目），提及
2. one by one逐个地，逐一地，一个接一个地
I went through the items on the list one by one.
我逐条看了清单上的条目。
We went into the room one by one.
我们一个接一个地走进房间。
one by one, people began to arrive at the meeting.
人们开始陆陆续续地到达会场。
3. go all out 全力以赴，竭尽全力
We’re going all out forvictory in this afternoon’s game.
我们将竭尽全力打赢下午的这场比赛。
We’re going all outto win.
我们将全力以赴争取胜利。
4. in particular尤其，特别
It was a good concert – I enjoyed the last song in particular.
那是一场不错的音乐会——我尤其喜欢最后那首歌。
He loves science fiction in particular.
他特别喜爱科幻小说。
Peter was lying on the sofa doing nothing in particular.
彼得躺在沙发上，无所事事。
particular adj. 特定的，特指的; 特殊的，特别的
Their names are listed in no particular order.
他们名字的排列没有特定的顺序。
5. look forward to (兴奋地)期待，盼望
We"re really looking forward to seeing you again.
我们非常盼望能再见到你。
I"m looking forward to my vacation.
我盼望着假期的到来。
