初三毕业生在家复习什么，这些硬核语法考点必会！
今天给大家整理了被动语态的用法和考点，对被动语态不是很明白的小伙伴们，把知识点看完再做后面的习题
被动语态应试要点：
一、被动语态的基本结构：
被动语态的基本结构是由be+过去分词的形式来表达，如果要特别强调动作的执行者，在句末+by+动作执行者，译为“被（由）……”。
1、被动语态的基本句型
肯定句：主语+be +过去分词+（by+动作执行者）.
否定句：主语+be not +过去分词+（by+动作执行者）.
一般疑问句：Be +主语+过去分词+（by+动作执行者）？
特殊疑问句：疑问词+be +主语+过去分词+（by+动作执行者）？
2、被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化
被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。
be的变化形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以 give 为例，列表如下:
一般现在时:am / is / are + given
一般过去时:was / were + given
一般将来时:shall / will + be given
现在进行时:am / is / are + being + given
过去进行时:was / were + being + done
现在完成时:have / has + been + done
过去完成时:had + been + done
情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be given
3、主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1) My aunt invited me to her dinner party.
→ I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.
(2) The school setup a special class to help poor readers.
→ A special class to help poor readers was setup in the school.
1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by+动作执行者，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。
二、特殊情况的被动语态
1、带双宾语的被动语态:动词+sb.(间宾)+sth.(直宾)
口诀:如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to/for间宾连
1）give/pas/show与介词to搭配。 give sb.sth.-- sb.+ be given sth.或sth.+be given+to sb
2）buy/make/cook与介词for搭配。 buy sb.sth.-- sb.+ be bought+sh.或sh.+be bought+for sb.
2、带省to的不定式作宾补的被动语态: 动词+sb.+ do sth
口诀:感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来
常考动词：make/let/have/see/hear/feel/ watch
makesb do sth. sb. ---- sb be+made+ to do sth
The boss made the workers work all day.
The workers were madeto work all day by the boss
3、在see/hear/ notice/keep+sb.+ doing sth.句型中变被动语态时， doing不变
I heard Tom singing Just now
Tom was heard singing by me just now
4、以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
We should take care of the old.
The old should be taken care of.
小伙伴们一定要把这些题目做完噢。
一、选出最佳答案
1.To help people travel around the city more easily, more underground lines______in the next few years in Shanghai.
A. are built B. will build C. are building D. will be built
2. The old man was sad because his favourite vase _________ by his naughty granddaughter.
A. Broke B. breaks C. is broken D. was broken
3.The flat of the famous architect________ at the price of 8 million dollars last year.
A. will sell B. will be sold C.sold D.was sold
4. Diana’s car ________ five years ago. but it still looks quite new.
A. is bought B. has been bought C. was bought D. will be bought
5. All the boys _______ into five groups to complete the group activities just now.
A. divide B. have divided C. were divided D. will be divided
6. According to the government’s announcement, some roads in our district _______ next year.
A. will widen B. will be widened C. widen D. are widened
7. It’s a pleasure that Lucy _______ to the charity show last night.
A. invites B. is invited C. invited D. was invited
8. Soon the firemen arrived at the scene, and the old man in the fire________ at last.
A.was saved B.saved C. has saved D. has been saved
9. My advice on decorating the back wall ____ at last by the class teacher.
A. was accepted B. was accepting C. will be accepted D. will accept
10. According to NASA, in 2024 the first woman ________ on the moon .
A. is landed B. was landed C. has been landed D. will be landed
11. Every year billions of tons rubbish _________ in Europe. Are you shocked by this?
A. produces B. was produced C. be produced D. has produced
二、根据所给要求完成下列句子,每题空格限填一词
1.The citizens must divide everyday waste into four different categories.（改为被动语态）
Everyday waste must ________ ________ into four different categories by the citizens.
2. You should give the pet dog enough food and water every day.(改为被动语态)
The pet dog should _______ _______ enough food and water every day.
3. Each student gives a report about national news in Politics lessons.(改成被动语态）
A report about national news ________ ________by each student in Politics lessons.
4. Damin raises a new cormorant once a year. (改为被动语态）
A new cormorant ________ ________once a year by Damin.
5. Mary’s desk-mate chose that pair of trousers because of its design.（改为被动语态）
That pair of trousers _______ _______ by Mary’s desk-mate because of its design.
6. We make self-driving cars to change the way we move around.（改为被动语态）
Self-driving cars ________ ________ to change the way we move around.
7. Mary sent some postcards to her friends in China after she arrived in London.（改为被动语态）
Some postcards _______ _______ to her friends in China after Mary arrived in London.
8. You should give the pet dog enough food and water every day.(改为被动语态)
The pet dog should _______ _______ enough food and water every day. 68. her new i-phone,
9. Keeping pet dogs teaches us how to be responsible in our daily life.（改为被动语态）
We _________ _________ how to be responsible in our daily life by keeping pet dogs.
10.You can buy paints, glue and other things in the shop.（改为被动语态）
Paints, glue and other things can ________ ________ in the shop.
11.The community will build more parking places to meet the increasing needs.（改为被动语态）
More parking places will _______ _______ to meet the increasing needs.
12.The little girl decorated the black umbrella with a strawberry design.（改为被动语态）
The black umbrella ________ ________ with a strawberry design by the little girl.
13.The thief stole one million dollars’ worth of gold from the store.（改为被动语态）
One million dollars’ worth of gold _______ _______ from the store.
14. A sudden loud noise from nowhere woke me up in the early morning. （改为被动语态）
I _______ ________ up by a sudden loud noise from nowhere in the early morning.
15. They have found the lost child alive and well in a London park.（改为被动语态）
The lost child _________ _________ found alive and well in a London park.
答案在图片后面，要认真校对。
答案：
一、1——5 DDDCD 6——11 BDA ADB
二、1. be divided 2. be given 3.is given 4. is raised 5. was chosen
6. are made 7. were sent 8. be given 9. are taught 10. be bought
11. be built 12. was decorated 13. was stolen 14.was woken, 15. has been
你都做对了吗？如果有问题在下面讨论区讨论留言解答。
