定语从句是英语学习中的一个重点同时又是个难点,尤其是介词加关系词这一部分内容,对于语法书上的各种解释,初学英语的小伙伴们依然是一脸的茫然。
一、介词+关系词形成的定语从句与并列句之间的转换,下面我们来看几个例句:
1. He has two sons,one of whom is a bank clerk.
他有两个儿子其中一个是银行职员。
大家对one of whom 的用法感到不理解。但是如果你把这个句子改成并列句,你就很好懂了。
He has two sons,and one of them is a bank clerk.同样一个意思就变成了大家很容易明白的并列句了。这里需要注意的是,当前后两个分句之间有并列连词的时候,我们就要用人称代词,反之就用关系词。也就是说,在这句活中,whom的意思和them是一样的。因为这里的whom本身又可以当连接词用,所以前面就不用再加并列连词了。
2.Tom lives in a beautiful house,the windows of which/whose windows face to the sea.
汤姆住在一所漂亮的房子里,窗户朝向大海。
这句话改用并列句来表达:Tom lives in a beautiful house,and its windows face to the sea.
3. We arrived at a log cabin,in front of which sat a little girl.
我们来到一所小木屋附近,木屋的前面坐着一个小女孩。这句话改成并列句:
We arrived at a log cabin, and in front of the log cabin sat a little girl.
注:一般能转化成并列句的多为非限制性定语从句。
二、当介词+关系词在句中充当时间、地点、原因状语时,可与关系副词when,where.why之间互换。
1.He still remembers the day on which(=when)he got the first job after his graduation from college.
他仍然记得大学毕业后获得第一份工作的那一天。
2.The school to which(where)he was sent was very large.
他去的(被派往的)那个学校很大。
3.The reasonfor which(=why)he dropped out of school was that his father couldn"t continue to pay the school fees.
他(当时)辍学的原因是他的父亲供不起他上学的学费了。
三、the +名词+of which 或者of which+the +名词=whose,均表示所属关系。
这里的whose 意思就相当于,his ,her,their,its等物主代词。
The old man lives in a small room,the door of which(=whose door) faces south.
那个老人住在一所小房子里,它的门朝南开。
The building of which the roof (whose roof)was damaged in the earthquake has been repaired.
那个在地震中屋顶被破坏的建筑物已经被修好了。
这里是英语向导肖老师,天天有惊喜,欢迎加关注。