跟华哥学【长难句】的第2 天
----------------------
长难句太难？语法搞不懂？
五月进步计划开始啦！
华哥陪你一起练~
长难句分析
【2.】Once intimidated by arguments that their children would feel more at home in bilingual classes，and that they might lose their heritage in regular classes，these women have since given voice，loudly and persuasively，to what they know from experience that unless they are fluent in the language of their adopted country，their children will never attend college or land any but the most menial of jobs.
结构分析
句子的框架是these women have…given voice…to what they know from experience that…。
that从句做experience的同位语从句；此从句中又套嵌一个unless引导的条件状语从句；Once intimidated by arguments是过去分词做状语修饰these women，其施动者arguments又有两个that引导的同位语从句修饰限定它。
intimidated by arguments意为“被论点搞得惊慌害怕”；feel at home不能直译为“感到在家”，而译为“感到自在”；give voice to意为“表达，表露”；land jobs译为“找到工作”。
译文
有人说，孩子们在双语课堂里会感到更加自由自在，而在正规班级会丧失其传统文化。这几位母亲曾被这一论点搞得惶恐不安，现在发表了最响亮，最有说服力的意见。从她们自身的经验中，他们深知:如果孩子们不熟练掌握他们所移居国家的语言，除了那些最简单的体力活儿外，根本谈不上上大学，也谈不上找到理想的工作。
长难句分析
【3.】The presumption on which human cloning rests is that all these cells，though now specialized，still contain exact copies of the original set of genetic instructions needed to make an entire individual and can do so if a way is found to switch them back on.
结构分析
句子的框架是The presumption is that all these cells…contain genetic instructions…and can do so…。
其中介词on加which引导定语从句修饰主语the presumption; that从句为表语从句;此表语从句中contain和can do并列做all these cells的谓语;表语从句中又插入一个though引导的省略了主语all these cells的让步状语从句，补充完整为though these cells are now specialized;
needed to make an entire individual为过去分词短语做genetic instructions的后置定语;并列谓语can do so又有if条件句修饰。rest on意为“依赖”。为避免重复do so代替前文提到的make an entire individual。
译文
人类克隆赖以存在的假定是:虽然所有的细胞现已全部特化，但却仍然包含有发育为完整个体所需的与母体完全一致的全部遗传指令;如果能找到一个方法使失去作用的部分恢复作用，这些细胞就能发育成为完整的个体。
