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Unit7 It’s raining!
词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1. rain
rain 作动词，意为“下雨，降雨”，短语rain cats and dogs，意为“下倾盆大雨”。
例如：It often rains in summer. 夏天经常下雨。
It’s going to rain. 就要下雨了。
注意：表示下雨时，可以用rain的不同形式来表达。例如：
（1）There was a heavy rain during the night. (rain作不可数名词，意为“雨”)
夜间下了一场大雨。
（2）It is rainy in Beijing. (rainy是rain的形容词形式，意为“下雨的”)
= It is raining in Beijing. (rain 作动词)
北京在下雨。
2. windy
windy是wind的形容词形式，意为“多风的”，是名词wind加y变来的形容词。英语中，许多表天气的名词后加y，可以变成相应的形容词。例如：
cloud(云) +ycloudy 多云的 sun (太阳) + n +ysunny (晴朗的)
rain(雨) + yrainy(下雨的) snow(雪) + ysnowy (下雪的)
3. cook
cook作及物动词，意为“烹调”，其后可接三餐或具体的某种菜肴作宾语，也可作不及物动词。例如：
My mother cooks breakfast for me every morning. 妈妈每天早上给我做早饭。
She’s cooking now. 她正在做饭。
拓展：
（1）cook 作名词，意为“厨师”。例如：
His uncle is a good cook. 他的叔叔是一个好厨师。
（2）cook 后加-er，构成cooker，是可数名词，意为“厨具”。例如：
There are all kinds of cookers in the supermarket.
超市里有各种各样的厨具。
4. message
message 意为“消息，信息”。take a message 意为“捎个口信”；leave a message 意为“留个口信”；send a message 意为“发送信息”。例如：
Can I take a message for him? 我能给他捎个口信吗？
He sent a message to me yesterday. 他昨天给我发了一条信息。
5. back
back 副词，意为“回来”或者“回原处”。call sb. back 意为“给某人回个电话”。例如：
I’ll call (you) back. 我将（给你）回电话。
（1）back 还可以和其他一些动词一起构成短语动词，如：be back (返回)，
come back (回来)， go back (回去)， get back (返回)， bring back (拿回来)等。
例如：It’s September now. We are all back at school. 现在是九月，我们都回到了学校。
When are you coming back? 你什么时候回来？
（2）back 作名词，意为“后背”，“后面”或“后部”。例如：
Do you know the little boy on his back? 你认识他背上的那个小男孩吗？
There is a blackboard at the back of our classroom. 我们教室后面有一块黑板。
（3）back 作形容词，意为“后面的”。例如：
There is a picture on the back wall. 后墙上有张图画。
6. dry
（1）dry作形容词, 意为“干燥的”，其反义词为“潮湿的”。例如：
This coat will keep you dry in the rain. 这件外套将使你在雨中不被淋湿。
（2）dry 作动词，既可以作及物动词也可以作不及物动词，意为“使干燥，弄干，变干”。
例如：Don’t cry! Dry your eyes. 别哭了！擦干眼泪。
The wet clothes will soon dry in the sun. 湿衣服在阳光下很快就会干。
7. cold＆hot; warm＆cool
（1）cold 寒冷的，冷的; 它的反义词是hot，意为“炎热的”；在句子中做定语或者表语；常用来描述天气。例如：
It’s hot today. 今天天气炎热。
On a cold night, we stayed at home and watched TV.
在一个寒冷的夜晚，我们呆在家里看电视。
（2）warm 意为“暖和的”，cool意为“凉爽的”；这是也是一组反义词，常用来描述天气；也常用来做定语或者表语。例如：
It’s warm in spring and cool in autumn. 春天天气暖和，秋天天气凉爽。
注意：cool 还可以用形容词，还有“酷的，绝妙的”之意。用来赞美人、物或者事。
例如：He looks cool in his new T-shirt. 他穿上新T恤看上去很酷。
8. sit＆seat
二者均可表示“坐”，sit是不及物动词，主语是人；seat是及物动词，主语是人时，表示“使……坐下”，宾语常是反身代词；主语是处所时，表示“能坐多少人”。例如：
She sits alone in her room. 她独自坐在房间里。
Our classroom can seat fifty students. 我们教室能坐50个学生。
9. vacation
vacation 意为“假期”，on a vacation 意为“度假”。例如：
In summer, we often go to the mountains on a vacation.
夏天我们经常去山里度假。
拓展：vacation＆holiday
vacation
“假期”，指放下工作和学习的一段较长的休息时间，常可以用holiday替换。
holiday
“假日，休息日”，主要指按风俗习惯或法律规定的纪念日或休息日。在英式英语中，其复数形式可表示延续一段时间的“假期”，美式英语则习惯用单数。
10. hard
hard副词，意为“努力地，辛苦地”，常放在动词后面修饰动词。例如：
They are studying hard. 他们在努力学习。
hard 还可以作形容词，意为“困难的，艰难的”时，与difficult同义，与easy相反；意为“硬的，牢固的”，与soft相对；hard还可以意为“严的，严厉的”。例如：
The stone is hard. 石头很硬。
Don’t be too hard on her—she’s very young. 别对她太严厉了——她还小呢。
11. mountain＆hill
mountain
指陡峭连绵的高山
the Taihang Mountains 太行山脉
hill
指较低矮的小山或丘陵
It’s easy to climb a hill but difficult to climb a mountain. 爬小山很容易，但爬大山很难。
12. country
（1） country 名词，意为“国，国家”。复数形式是countries。例如：
This is a beautiful country. 这是一个美丽的国家。
China is a big country. 中国是一个大国。
（2）country 作名词，还可以指“农村，乡下”，相当于countryside, 前面常用定冠词the。
例如：My grandparents live in the country. 我的爷爷奶奶住在农村。
词汇精练
Ⅰ. 英汉互译。
1.玩儿电脑游戏________ 2. at/in the park_______ 3. right now_______
4. 喝橘子汁________ 5. write to sb.________ 6. 打篮球_______
Ⅱ. 根据句意和首字母提示补全单词。
1. How’s the w_______ in Beijing?
2. It often s______ in the north of China in winter and the weather is very cold.
3. They are in France on v______.
4. It’s too h_______. Let’s go swimming.
5. She is sitting at the b______ of the classroom.
6. My mother is c_______ in the kitchen.
7. There is a m______ for you from your cousin.
8. Study h______ and you can pass the test.
9. China is a large c_______.
10. Your coat is wet. You can make it d______ in the sun.
Ⅲ. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. It’s a ______ (rain) day.
2. That _______ (sound) bad.
3. Look! It is ______ (snow).
4. Hello! Lily ______ (speak).
5. I don’t know the time. My watch doesn’t ______ (work).
Ⅳ.选词填空。
1. He is a _____. He is ______ dinner now. ( cooking/cook/cooker)
2. He can’t answer so difficult ______ (problems / questions)
3. In a park, _______ children are playing in the snow. (some of / some)
4. He has only _____ sister. She is reading ______ book now.(a/one)
5. I’m ______ English and I’m ______ a lot from my teacher. (studying/learning)
6. I want to know the time but my watch isn’t ______ .(going / working)
7. Have a ______ (sit/seat) please.
8. Climbing the high_______(hill/mountain) is not easy.
9. The ______ is shinning. It’s ______ (sunny/sun).
10. It often ______ (is raining / rains) in summer in my hometown.
V.听力链接。
（2015 浙江杭州中考）
听下面一段对话，回答三个小题。
1. How was the woman’s weekend?
A. Nice. B. Boring . C. Long.
2. Who saw a film last Saturday?
A. The woman speakers. B. The man speaker. C. Mr. Bean.
3. What did the man do on Sunday?
A. He did his homework.
B. He went to the park.
C. He played computer games.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 英汉互译。
1. play computer games 2. 在公园里 3. 立刻，马上
4. drink orange juice 5. 给某人写信 6. play basketball
Ⅱ. 根据句意和首字母提示补全单词。
1. weather 2. snows 3. vacation 4. hot 5. back
6. cooking 7. message 8. hard 9. country 10. dry
Ⅲ. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. rainy 2. sounds 3. snowing 4. speaking 5. work
Ⅳ.选词填空。
1. cook, cooking 2. questions 3. some 4. one, a 5. studying, learning
6. working 7. seat 8. mountain 9. sun, sunny 10. rains
V.听力链接。
参考答案和听力材料
1.A 2.A 3.C
M：Hi, Amy. How was your weekend?
W：It was good. I went to the cinema on Saturday.
M：What did you see?
W：Mr. Bean’s Holiday?
M：Cool. What did you do on Sunday?
W：Nothing much. I stayed at home and did my homework. What about you? What did you get up to do at the weekend?
M：I went out with some friends on Saturday.
W: Where did you go?
M：To the skate park.
W：What about on Sunday?
M：I played computer games at home.
W：What did you play?
M：Bioshock. It was great!
句式精讲
1. How’s the weather in Shanghai?
这是一个用来询问天气的句型，How’s是How is的缩写形式。询问天气的句子还可以用What’s the weather like? / What do you think of the weather? 来表示。在句末可以加上“介词+地点/时间/季节”短语。例如：
－What’s the weather like in Beijing? 北京的天气怎么样？
－It’s cloudy. 多云。
－How’s the weather here in summer? 这儿的夏天天气怎么样？
－It’s hot. 天气很热。
2. How’s it going?
（1）这是一个由特殊疑问词how引导的表示问候的句子，也可以用：How goes it? How is everything going? How is everything?来表示“询问对方的工作、学习和生活情况”。它们的意思是“一切都好吗？近来怎么样？”。
（2）对于这个句子的回答要看具体的情况，可以回答：“Pretty good！相当不错”，
“Great！很好”，“Not bad！还不错”，“Just so-so. 马马虎虎”，“Terrible！太糟糕了！”。
3. Not bad, thanks.
Not bad. 是口语中常用的表达，也可用作Not so bad. / Not too bad. 等，其主要用法有：
（1）用来回答像 How are you? 这类询问身体健康情况的问候语，意为：不错；很好。
例如：－How are you today? 你今天感觉如何?
－Not bad. 还不错。
（2）用来含蓄地表示 quite [very] good这一意义，意为：很好；不错；还好。
例如：－How is your English? 你英语学得怎样?
－Not bad. 还好。
－What do you think of the film? 你觉得这部电影怎么样?
－Not bad. 不错。
4. tell sb. to do sth.
tell经常作及物动词，意为“讲述，告诉”，后常接双宾语，侧重把一件事情传达给别人。常用结构是tell sb. to do sth. 意为“告诉某人做某事”，其否定形式为tell sb. not to do sth.，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，tell sb. about sth. 意为“告诉某人关于某事”。例如：
My mother tells me to get up early. 我妈妈告诉我早点起床。
拓展:
动词ask、tell、want的后面可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语，意思是“要求/ 告诉/ 想要某人做某事”。例如：
My teacher often tells us to do our homework at home.
我们的老师经常告诉我们在家做我们的家庭作业。
－What did your father say just now? 你父亲刚才说什么？
－He asked me to help him clean his car. 他要我帮他擦车。
5. No problem.
No problem常用于口语中表示同意或愉快地回答请求，意为“没有问题，小事一桩”。常见的用法有以下几种：
（1）用来回答感谢(主要用于美国英语中)，意为“不用谢；别客气；没什么”。例如：
－Thank you very much. 非常感谢你。
－No problem. 没什么。
（2）用来回答道歉(主要用于美国英语中)，意为“没关系； 没什么”。例如：
－I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。
－No problem. 没关系。
（3）用来表示有能力做某事，意为：没问题；不在话下。例如：
－Can you make a kite? 你会做风筝吗?
－No problem. 没问题。
句式精练
I. 补全对话。
（2015 山西省中考）
根据对话内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。
（Alex meets Cindy at school on Monday morning.）
A: Hi, Cindy! How was your last weekend?
B: Awful. You know, Alex, I was busy taking after-school classes for the weekend. 1
A: Great. I went to the Science Museum and had a lot of fun there. Have you ever been there before?
B: 2 I do nothing but studying all the time on weekends.
A: That sounds bad. You should relax yourself on weekends. And you can try something new instead.
B: 3 By the way, can you tell me something about the museum?
A: It’s hard to say ... 4 You"d better visit it if you"re free.
B: Oh, it must be a great way to spend weekends. Could you please go with me next Sunday afternoon?
A: No problem. Let"s make it. 5
B: Catch you.
A. Me too.
B. No, never.
C. Sorry, I can’t.
D. Catch you later.
E. That’s a good idea.
F. There is so much to see.
G. How about your weekend?
Ⅱ. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. Mary is watching TV. (对划线部分提问)
_______ _______ Mary _______?
2. It’s sunny in Beijing. (对划线部分提问)
_______ the ______ in Beijing?
3. They look cool. （改为一般疑问句）
______ they ______ cool?
4. Everyone is enjoying themselves. (改为同义句)
Everyone is_______ a good ______.
5. There is much wind in Wuhan today. (改为同义句)
_______ _______ in Wuhan today.
6. I’m on a visit to Beijing with my family. (改为同义句)
My family and I ______ ______ Beijing.
7. I want to give a call to my mother. (改为同义句)
I want to _______ my mother.
8. He is skating with his good friend. (改为一般疑问句)
_______ he ______ with his good friend?
9. Jeff is studying in his room. (就划线部分提问)
_______ ________ Jeff studying?
10. Does your sister read or write in the evening? (用now改为进行时)
_______ your sister ______ or ______ now?
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思，完成句子，每空一词。
1. 纽约的天气怎么样？
________ the _______ in New York?
2. －情况怎么样？－还不错，谢谢！
－_______ it ______?
－______ ______. Thank you!
3. 孩子们在公园里玩的很高兴。
The children are ______ ______ ______ _______ in the park.
4. 这儿有很多人在度假。
There are many people here ______ _______.
5. 现在你们的国家非常热。
It’s very _______ in your ______.
6. 老师经常告诉我们来学校早点。
Our teacher often_______us ______ _______to school early.
7. 他不在家，我可以给他捎口信吗？
He’s not at home. Can I _______ _______ _______ for him?
8. 我正在给加拿大的叔叔写信。
I’m _______ _______ my uncle in Canada.
9. 李华穿白衬衣看起来很酷。
Li Hua ______ ______ in a white shirt.
10. －我可以坐在这儿吗？
－没有问题。
－May I sit here now?
－______ ______.
参考答案
I. 补全对话。
1. G 2. B 3. E 4. F 5. D
Ⅱ. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. What is, doing 2. How’s, weather 3. Do, look 4. having, time 5. It’s windy
6. are visiting 7. call 8. Is, skating 9. Where is 10. Is, reading, writing
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思，完成句子，每空一词。
1. How’s, weather 2. How’s, going, Not bad 3. having a good time
4. on vacation 5. hot, country 6. tells, to come 7. take a message
8. writing to 9. looks cool 10. No problem
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