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丰富您的英文学术论文写作--常用表达句型总结
在写论文的时候，每一个句子都有其存在的原因，它们可能是为了表达研究主题的重要性，或是为了强调该领域研究的局限性，也或是为了强调先行研究的不足之处等等。当需要重复表达某些目的时，若只使用单一的句型，可能会导致句型重复而显得单调，丰富的句型变化能够强化论文的易读性，并引起读者的阅读兴趣。
我们总结了在为了表达14种不同目的时，可以参考并灵活使用的各种常用句型。
如何表达研究主题重要性
Establishing the importance of the topic:
1. One of the most significant current discussions in legal andmoral philosophy is ….
2. It isbecoming increasingly difficult to ignore the ….
3. X isthe leading cause of death in western industrialized countries.
4. X is acommon disorder characterized by ….
5. Xs areone of the most widely used groups of antibacterial agents and ….
6. Xs arethe most potent anti-inflammatory agents known.
7. X is animportant component of the climate system and plays a key role in Y.
8. In thenew global economy, X has become a central issue for ….
9. In thehistory of development economics, X has been thought of as a key factor in ….
10. Theissue of X has received considerable critical attention.
11. X is amajor public health problem, and the cause of about 4% of the global burden ofdisease.
12. X is anincreasingly important area in applied linguistics.
13. Centralto the entire discipline of X is the concept of ….
14. X is atthe heart of our understanding of ….
如何表达研究主题重要性（当给出时间范围时）
Establishing the importance of the topic (time frame given):
1. Recent developments in X have heightened the need for ….
2. Inrecent years, there has been an increasing interest in ….
3. In thearena of X , there has been a recent surge in interest and research.
4. Recentdevelopments in the field of X have led to a renewed interest in ….
5. Recently,researchers have shown an increased interest in ….
6. Since1949 the submarine area off X has undergone intensive investigation ….
7. Thepast decade has seen the rapid development and diffusion of X in many ….
8. Thepast thirty years have seen increasingly rapid advances in the field of…..
9. Overthe past century, there has been a dramatic increase in ….
10. In thepast two decades a number of researchers have sought to determine …..
11. Xproved an important literary genre in the early Y community.
12. One ofthe most important events of the 1970s was ….
13. Traditionally,Xs have subscribed to the belief that ….
14. X waswidespread in the Middle East in the 1920s.
如何对文献进行
Synopsis of Literature:
1. Recently investigators have examined the effects of X on Y.
2. In thepast two decades, a number of researchers have sought to determine ….
3. Previousstudies have reported ….
4. Aconsiderable amount of literature has been published on X. These studies ….
5. Smith(1984: 217) shows how, in the past, research into X was mainly concerned with….
6. Surveyssuch as that conducted by Smith (1988) showed that ….
7. Thefirst serious discussions and analyses of X emerged during the 1970s with ….
8. Recentevidence suggests that ….
9. Severalattempts have been made to ….
10. Anumber of researchers have reported ….
11. Xs werereported in the first models of Y (e.g., Smith, 1977; Smith, & Patel,1977).
12. What weknow about X is largely based upon empirical studies that investigate how ….
13. Studiesof X show the importance of ….
如何强调先行研究中存在的问题
Highlighting a problem in the field of study:
1. However, these rapid changes are having a serious effect ….
2. However,a major problem with this kind of application is ….
3. Lack ofX has existed as a health problem for many years.
4. Despiteits safety and efficacy, X suffers from several major drawbacks:
5. However,research has consistently shown that first year students have not attained anadequate understanding of …
6. Thereis increasing concern that some Xs are being disadvantaged ….
7. Despiteits long clinical success, X has a number of problems in use.
8. Questionshave been raised about the safety of prolonged use of ….
如何强调学科领域内的各种争论
Highlighting a controversy in the field of study:
1. To date there has been little agreement on what …
2. Morerecently, literature has emerged that offers contradictory findings about ….
3. Oneobserver has already drawn attention to the paradox in ….
4. In manyXs, a debate is taking place between Ys and Zs concerning ….
5. Thecontroversy about scientific evidence for X has raged unabated for over acentury.
6. Debatecontinues about the best strategies for the management of ….
7. Thisconcept has recently been challenged by …. studies demonstrating ….
如何强调学科领域内的知识缺口
Highlighting a knowledge gap in the field of study:
1. So far, however, there has been little discussion about ….
2. Littleis known about X and it is not clear what factors ….
3. However,far too little attention has been paid to ….
4. Inaddition, no research has been found that surveyed ….
5. So farthis method has only been applied to ….
6. Thisindicates a need to understand the various perceptions of poverty that existamong …
7. However,the evidence for this relationship is inconclusive ….
8. What isnot yet clear is the impact of X on ….
9. Theneurobiological basis of this X is poorly understood.
10. However,much uncertainty still exists about the relation between ….
11. Untilrecently, there has been no reliable evidence that ….
12. However,there have been no controlled studies which compare differences in ….
13. Severalstudies have produced estimates of X (Smith, 2002; Jones, 2003), but there isstill insufficient data for ….
14. Noprevious study has investigated X
15. Althoughextensive research has been carried out on …, no single study exists which ….
如何强调先行研究的不足
Highlighting inadequacies of previous studies:
1. Most studies in the field of X have only focussed on ….
2. Moststudies in X have only been carried out in a small number of areas.
3. Thegeneralisability of much published research on this issue is problematic.
4. Theexperimental data are rather controversial, and there is no general agreementabout ….
5. Suchexpositions are unsatisfactory because they ….
6. However,few writers have been able to draw on any structured research into the opinionsand attitudes of …..
7. Theresearch to date has tended to focus on X rather than Y.
8. Theexisting accounts fail to resolve the contradiction between X and Y.
9. Researchershave not treated X in much detail.
10. Previousstudies of X have not dealt with ….
11. Half ofthe studies evaluated failed to specify whether ….
12. However,much of the research up to now has been descriptive in nature ….
13. Althoughextensive research has been carried out on X, no single study exists whichadequately covers ….
14. However,these results were based on data from over 30 years ago and it is unclear ifthese differences still persist.
15. X’sanalysis does not take account of …. nor does he examine ….
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