考点解读
重难点（讲解）
介词的含义非常丰富，在学习中要善于归纳，并借助短语学习来加强记忆。
重难点一：“动词+介词”搭配：注意特定搭配与同一介词与多个动词搭配意义不同的情况。
① rob sb. of sth. / clear the road of snow(“夺去、除去”意义的动词与of 连用)
② supply us with food / fill the glass with wine（“供给”意义的动词与with连用）
③ make a desk of wood / make bread from flour / make the material into a coat（“制作、制造”意义与of、from、into连用）
④ 介词 + the + 部位与动词的关系（=动词 + sb.’s + 部位，可换用）
strike him on the head(“击，拍，碰，摸”意义与on连用)
catch him by the arm(“抓，拉，拿，扯”意义与by连用)
hit the boy in the face（“肚，胸，眼，脸”等人体前部与in连用）
⑤ prevent (stop, keep) sb. from doing sth. (“阻止，禁止”意义与from连用)
⑥ persuade (advise, warn) sb. into doing sth.（“说服，建议”意义与into连用）
⑦ buy sb. for sth. (leave、get、win、gain、lose等“得失”意义与for连用)
⑧ tell sth.to sb.(show、teach、sing、write、read等“告知”意义与to连用)
⑨ give sth. to sb.（give、allow、promise、pass、hand等“授予”意义与to连用）
注意：⑦ ⑧ ⑨可换成buy sb.sth.双宾结构。
同一动词与不同介词搭配意义不同。
同一介词与不同动词搭配，意义各异。
reply to the letter回信，sing(dance)to the music和……唱（跳），amount to 达到，加起来有……，devote to把……贡献给，drink to为……干杯，object to反对，look forward to 渴望，come to苏醒，belong to属于，search for搜……，ask … for … 寻找，use … for用作，leave for前往，take … for误以为，call of倡导，wait for等待，care for喜欢，make up for弥补损失，turn to求助（救）于，help oneself to随意，agree to同意，compare … to把……比作，send for派人去请（拿）……，sail for驶向，航向，set out for动身去，go in for爱好……。
重难点二：常见“形容词 + 介词”搭配。
worthy of值得的，glad about sth. for sb.为某人某事高兴，far from离……远，grateful for sth. to sb.为某事感激某人，free from没有……（免除……），proud of(take pride in)自豪，satisfied with (by)满意，sure of / about确信，fond of喜欢，fit for适合，busy with sth.(in doing sth.)忙着干某事，full of充满，ready for准备，similar to相似，wrong with不对；有毛病……
重难点三：名词 + 介词要注意习惯搭配和意义区分。
the absence of water缺水
the hope of success成功的希望
have a chance of (for) entering college上大学的机会
take pride in them为他们感到骄傲
the key to the question问题的答案
a medicine for cough治咳嗽的药
the ticket for tomorrow明天的票
his absence in Beijing去了北京
his absence from Beijing不在北京
the way to study学习方法
the way of studying maths学习教学的方法
重难点四：介词与名词搭配的规律
一般来说，同源的动词、形容词和名词后面所跟的介词相同。例如：
Whether we can have a picnic tomorrow depends on the weather.
Whether we can have a picnic tomorrow is dependent on the weather.
The dependence of the crops on the weather made farming very uncertain.
其他的例子还有：
be interested in-----have an interest in
operate on----operation on
compare sth. to/with----in comparison to/ with
refer to----reference to
但也有一些例外。例如：
He is quite confident of himself.
=He has confidence in himself.
Let’s hope for the best.
There is little hope of success.
典型例题
— I’m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas?
— How about the Moon Lake? It is ________ easy reach of the city.（2013年上海英语高考）
【答案】within
【解析】此处考查介词的搭配。out of/within one’s reach表示为“在某人够不到/够得着的地方”。根据对话意思，推荐的Moon lake是一个比较近的地方，所以得出答案。
______ passion, people won’t have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.（2012年上海英语高考）
【答案】Without
【解析】此处考查介词的意思。根据整句话可以体会出句子表达的意思是“没有激情，人们就没有创造性思维的动力或快乐”。
Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the tough years.（2011年上海英语高考）
【答案】through
【解析】此处考查介词的意思。根据句子意思，想要表达的是“感谢那些帮助你度过艰难岁月的人”。所以使用through。
Sean has formed the habit of jogging ______ the treelined avenue for two hours every day.（2010年上海英语高考）
【答案】along
【解析】此处考查介词的意思。根据句子意思，是表达“沿着林荫道慢跑”，所以填入along，表示“沿着”。
Four Chinese models were ______ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition. （2009年上海英语高考）
【答案】among
【解析】此处考查介词的意思。根据句子意思，是14人中的四个中国模特，表示“在三个或三个以上中”，使用among。
学法点睛
1、专题特点与学习方法
介词在高中语法中算是较难的一个知识点。早在初中阶段就已经出现很多高中常见的介词，但是由于高中词汇的增加，很多搭配不被学生所熟悉。目前介词在上海高考中主要在语法填空及翻译、写作中考查。这三部分中主要是对介词意思和搭配的考查。掌握此知识点首先要对与介词搭配的动词、形容词及名词等的意思的熟悉。其次，学习中注意对同一介词与不同词搭配以及同一词与不同介词搭配的意思积累。学生一般要做到对考纲短语的搭配中的介词要熟悉。
2、解题技巧
⑴ 考查介词意思的，要注意对句子意思的仔细推敲，反复尝试；
⑵ 考查介词搭配的，除了对句子意思要有了解外，还要能够回忆起对应的搭配用法。
过关检测
巩固测试：
1. The start of a new year brings hope —hope _____better health, more happiness and greater success. （宝山、静安、杨浦、青浦2013二模25题）
2. Lending him money would be equivalent, in my opinion, _______ throwing it away. （长宁、嘉定2013二模25题）
3. Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly _____ size and shape. （奉贤2013二模25题）
4. In 2012, Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, ______the delight of the Chinese people. （虹口2013二模25题）
5. The capital will further limit the number of rush-hour subway passengers to cope with the growing pressure _______ the network. （黄浦2013二模25题）
6. Some abstract modern paintings were ______ my understanding; I simply couldn’t figure out what the painters really wanted to tell us. （闵行2013二模25题）
7. Those students with unrealistic goals often put themselves ______more stress than others. （浦东新区2013二模25题）
8. Your generous donation can make a huge difference ______ the life of those living below the poverty line. （徐汇、松江、金山2013二模25题）
9. If you have a self-centered attitude, it is, in my view, too selfish _____ you when making friends with others. （宝山、静安、杨浦、青浦2012二模25题）
10. This kind of mistake, strange as it appears, is quite common ______ young English beginners. （闵行2012二模25题）
11. If you want your children to be independent, put some responsibilities ______ their shoulders. （浦东2012二模25题）
12. It is believed that those who attend lessons _____ great concentration are more likely to be top ones. （宝山2012一模25题）
13. Being a movie star can be quite a hard life, with a lot of traveling owing _______ a heavy schedule. （长宁2012一模25题）
14. The bridge connecting the two islands is ______ construction and is expected to be completed in October. （崇明2012一模25题）
15. You answered every question properly, and you were totally qualified _____ this job. （黄浦2012一模25题）
提升测试：
1. The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped ________ floors. People in it had no way to get out. （普陀2013二模25题）
2. The CEOs of many famed international companies are participating _________ special observers in this year’s Mayor’s Forum(论坛). （闸北2013二模25题）
3. Many young people say that they want to be more independent, but sometimes they use this as an excuse ___________ irresponsible behavior. （长宁2012二模25题）
4. Germs are everywhere, just waiting to enter your body and infect you ________ a cold, the flu or other sicknesses. （崇明2012二模25题）
5. After a series of unsuccessful attempts, he has finally passed the test _________entering his dream company. （奉贤2012二模25题）
6. Girls are said to be more diligent and attentive at school, who score well __________ average in most subjects. （虹口2012二模25题）
7. The key _________ success is to choose a right goal, plan your path and then get started. （黄浦、嘉定2012二模25题）
8. It has been clearly stated that whoever can solve the problem first shall be entitled ________ the great honour--- “Talent of the School”. （徐汇、松江、金山2012二模25题）
9. In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys--13.8%, far _______ the national average. （杨浦2012二模25题）
10. Any property insurance company won"t cover damages from natural disasters such as earthquake or flood as it"s something ___________ control. （闸北2012二模25题）
11. You will see what great benefit the computers you own can be _________ every time we use them. （虹口2012一模25题）
12. Should people pursue their own happiness__________ the expense of others? （静安2012一模25题）
13. The January Proficiency Oral Test is actually close__________ hand. （浦东2012一模25题）
14. It is__________ any doctor’s power to confine the drug-resistant germ, so many people are infected. （青浦2012一模25题）
15. China"s July 23 train accident has shaken citizens" confidence__________ the high-speed railways. （松江2012一模25题）
附【参考答案】
巩固测试
1.for 2. to 3. in4. to 5. on 6. beyond 7. under 8. to 9. of 10. among11. on 12. with 13. to
14. under15. for
提升测试
1. between2. as 3. for 4. with 5. for 6. above 7. to 8. to 9. below 10. beyond 11. of 12. at 13. at
14. beyond15. in
