同学们，上次发了八下unit5的词汇讲解，你们掌握了吗？今天我们继续掌握中考必考语法点感叹句，你们是不是每次纠结到底用what or how,纠结了半天是不是还是选错，今天我们好好来学习吧以及过去进行时的用法。
一. 感叹句.
英语感叹句的开头要怎么区分使用 what 和 how？
1. what 引导的感叹句
What 引导的感叹句，有四种句子结构：
① What +a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主语+谓语
如： What an intelliegnt boy he is!
What a beautiful girl (she is ) ! 多么美的姑娘呀 !
What a clever boy ( he is ) ! 多么聪明的男孩呀 !
② What+adj+可数名词复数+主+谓
如： What good children they are!
What interesting pictures ( they are ) ! 多么美的图片呀 !
What tall buildings ( they are ) ! 多么高的楼呀 !
③ What +adj+不可数名词+主+谓
如：What fine weather it is today!
What delicious food ( it is ) ! 多么可口的食物呀 !
What bad weather ( it is ) ! 多么坏的天气呀 !
④ What+n+主+谓
如：What noise they are making!
规律: what + ( a an ) + 形容词+ 名词 ( + 主语 + 谓语) + !
名词为不可数名词或复数名词时, 形容词前面不能有a an .
2. how 引导的感叹句
How 引导的感叹句，有三种句子结构：
① How+adj/adv+主+谓
如: How heavy the box is ! 多么重的箱子呀!
How fast he runs ! 他跑得多快呀!
How fast he runs!
② How +adj+a/an +可数名词单数+主+谓
如：How careful a girl is ! 多么细心的姑娘呀!
③ How +主+谓
如：How time flies!
如果说明的是人或物, 两种感叹句可替换.
二、过去进行时:
1. 概念和用法：过去进行时
表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。
其形式为was /were + V-ing。
常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：last night,last Saturday等；或者与when,while,as引导的过去时间状语连用。
例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.
昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
2.过去进行时的用法：
（1）过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
When I called him , he was havingdinner .
(2) 过去某段时间正在进行的动作。
I was reading the whole morning yesterday .
(3) when while 引导的时间状语从句中，过去进行时的使用：
----- when while 当……的时候
While引导的从句中, 动词用过去进行时或表示状态的延续性动词
when引导的从句中, 动词用过去式
Mary was having dinner when I sawher .
The weather was fine while we were in Beijing.
While were talking, the teacher came into the classroom .
--------while 然而, 可是
Tom is very confident while Mary is shy and quiet .
Tom很自信可是Mary既腼腆又文静.
3．过去进行时的构成：
构成过去进行时常由“助动词be的过去时was/were+现在分词”构成。was not常简写为wasn"t, were not简略为weren"t。
（1）肯定句：主语 + was were +动词ing形式 + 时间状语。
Iwasworking in the office .
（2）否定句：主语 + was were + not + 动词ing形式 + 时间状语。
（3）疑问句：was were + 主语 + 动词ing形式 + 时间状语 ？
肯定回答：Yes , 主语 + was were .
否定回答：No, 主语 + was were + not .
Wereyou working in the office last night ?
Yes, Iwas . No , Iwasn’t .
（4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was were + 主语 + 动词ing形式 + 时间状语 ？
What were youdoing last night ?
4.一般过去时与过去进行时用法比较
一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态（强调一次性动作）；
而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作（强调反复的动作）。
Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night.玛丽昨晚给她的朋友写了封信。（写完了）
Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night.玛丽昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信。（不一定写完）
We built a bridge last winter.去年冬天我们修了一座桥。（建成了）
We were building a bridge last winter.去年冬于我们在修一座桥。（一直在修，不涉及结果）
四、 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree,is,am,are,believe,belong,care,forget,hate,have（拥有），hear,know,like,love,mean,mind,notice,own,remember,seem,
suppose,understand,want,wish等。
例如：
误：I wasn‘t understanding him.
正：I didn‘t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
三、八下unit5【话题写作】
Susanna所在的城市昨天晚上发生了一场地震。很幸运，地震并不强烈，他们全家安然无恙。假如你是Susanna请描述一下地震发生时家里人的活动情景，80词左右。
【优秀满分范文】
My name is Susanna. In our city, there was an earthquake at 8:32 yesterday evening.
At that time, I was takinga shower in the bathroom. My mother was cleaning up the kitchen and my father was watching TV in the livingroom. My elder sister Alice was working on her computer in her room. We were very scared.
Luckily, the earthquake was not heavy and it didn’t last long. And we were all safe.
同学们，你们掌握了吗？
